Palladium-catalyzed C-H activation reactions directed by a removable 2-pyridylsulfinyl group were developed. Aromatic olefination products were formed in good yields on treatment of 2-(phenylsulfinyl)pyridines with alkenes in the presence of a Pd catalyst. The reaction tolerates a wide range of substituted alkenes, including various acrylates and styrenes. The controlled experiments indicated that the 2-pyridyl moiety, rather than the sulfinyl, played the role of ligand. The final reductive desulfonylation affords the stilbenes, sulfides, and disulfides with different reductive conditions, respectively. More importantly, this transformation could also be applied in arylation through dual C-H activation.
To determine the prognostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW) and circulating tumor cells with epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype (M-CTC) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Patients and Methods: Clinical and laboratory data of 60 patients with LUAD were collected. CTCs were isolated from their peripheral blood using the CanPatrol TM CTC enrichment method. The indicators of RDW and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated based on the laboratory standards. Results: A total of 60 LUAD patients were enrolled, of which 19 (31.7%) had high RDW (>0.14) and 32 (53.3%) were positive for M-CTCs. There was no significant correlation between RDW and the clinical characteristics. M-CTC was not significantly associated with tumor size and differentiation, age, gender, tumor stage, and histological type but correlated significantly with lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.044), high NLR (>2.26, P = 0.023), and high RDW (>0.14, P = 0.036). Furthermore, the M-CTC + LUAD patients had a significantly poor recurrence-free survival (RFS; Log rank P =0.001, HR = 2.749, 95% CI = 1.489-5.078) and overall survival (OS; Log rank P =0.022, HR = 2.283, 95% CI = 1.128-4.622) compared to the M-CTC − patients. Similarly, high RDW also correlated with worse RFS (Log rank P = 0.008, HR = 2.331, 95% CI = 1.248-4.353) and OS (Log rank P = 0.004, HR = 0.004, 95% CI = 1.398-5.525). Conclusion: M-CTC is significantly related to RDW and NLR, and an independent prognostic factor in LUAD.
To evaluate the correlation between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and the L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) and their prognostic value in elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC).
Materials and Methods:The clinical data of 158 elderly patients with EC were collected retrospectively. The L3SMI measures the area of skeletal muscle at the level of the third lumbar (L3) vertebra using computed tomography (CT). A high L3SMI and low L3SMI group were created using sex-based quartiles. The ALI, prognostic nutrition index (PNI), and geriatric nutrition risk index (GNRI) were calculated according to standard laboratory protocols. Results: The CT diagnostic criteria for senile sarcopenia in South China are height ≤32.96 cm 2 / m 2 for females and height ≤35.4 cm 2 /m 2 for males. The logistic regression analysis showed that a low L3SMI was significantly associated with a low ALI. Survival analysis revealed EC patients with a low L3SMI and a low ALI had poorer overall survival (OS) than patients with a high L3SMI and a high ALI. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that the L3SMI and ALI were independent predictors of EC prognosis in elderly individuals.
Conclusion:There was a significant correlation between the PNI, GNRI, ALI, and L3SMI. Overall, our findings show the L3SMI and ALI are clinical indicators that can potentially be used to independently predict the prognosis of elderly EC patients and display good predictive value.
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