We examine the relation between a measure of male CEOs’ facial masculinity and financial misreporting. Facial masculinity is associated with a complex of masculine behaviors (including aggression, egocentrism, riskseeking, and maintenance of social status) in males. One possible mechanism for this relation is that the hormone testosterone influences both behavior and the development of the face shape. We document a positive association between CEO facial masculinity and various misreporting proxies in a broad sample of S&P1500 firms during 1996–2010. We complement this evidence by documenting that a CEO's facial masculinity predicts his firm's likelihood of being subject to an SEC enforcement action. We also show that an executive's facial masculinity is associated with the likelihood of the SEC naming him as a perpetrator. We find that facial masculinity is not a measure of overconfidence. Finally, we demonstrate that facial masculinity also predicts the incidence of insider trading and option backdating.

We use a large pictorial sample of Chinese financial analysts to test the association between facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) and performance in men. Financial analysts offer an ideal setting for our investigation because we can objectively track individual analysts' behaviors and performance. We find that high-fWHR analysts are more likely to conduct corporate site visits and they X. HE ET AL. exhibit better performance. The positive fWHR-performance association survives a battery of robustness checks and the association is more pronounced for analysts with lower status, for firms with higher uncertainty, and for analysts facing more intense competition. Our results suggest that the dominant trait predicted by fWHR is achievement drive. JEL codes: M20; M40; M41; M50

Complement is known to play a role in alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, thereby constraining the development of a rational approach for therapeutic intervention in the complement system. C3 deficiency has been shown to impart protective effects against ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Here we demonstrate a protection effect in wild-type mice by treatment with CR2-Crry, a specific inhibitor of C3 activation. The expression of glycine transfer (t) RNA-derived fragments (Gly-tRFs) is upregulated in ethanol-fed mice and inhibition of Gly-tRFs in vivo decreases chronic ethanol feeding-induced hepatosteatosis without affecting inflammation. The expression of Gly-tRF was downregulated in C3-deficient or CR2-Crry-treated mice, but not in C5-deficient mice; Gly-tRF expression was restored by the C3 activation products C3a or Asp (C3a-des-Arg) via the regulation of CYP2E1. Transcriptome profiling of hepatic tissues showed that Gly-tRF inhibitors upregulate the expression of sirtuin1 (Sirt1) and subsequently affect downstream lipogenesis and β-oxidation pathways. Mechanistically, Gly-tRF interacts with AGO3 to downregulate Sirt1 expression via sequence complementarity in the 3′ UTR. Notably, the expression levels of C3d, CYP2E1 and Gly-tRF are upregulated, whereas Sirt1 is decreased in AFLD patients compared to healthy controls. Collectively, our findings suggest that C3 activation products contribute to hepatosteatosis by regulating the expression of Gly-tRF. Complement inhibition at the C3 activation step and treatment with Gly-tRF inhibitors may be potential and precise therapeutic approaches for AFLD.

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We examine the link between enhanced accounting comparability and the valuation performance of pricing multiples. Using the warranted multiple method proposed by Bhojraj and Lee (2002, Journal of Accounting Research) and controlling for economic comparability, we demonstrate how enhanced accounting comparability leads to better peer-based valuation performance.Empirical tests using firms from 15 EU countries over the period 1997-2011 (with comparable peers selected from the entire cross-section of foreign firms) document significant improvement in valuation performance measured as pricing accuracy, the ability of value estimates to explain cross-sectional variation in observed price, and the ability of the pricing multiple to predict future market-to-book multiples. Findings for a series of identification tests suggest that enhanced valuation performance is the consequence of improvements in the degree of crossborder accounting comparability that occurred during the sample window, and that a significant fraction of comparability gain operates through improved peer selection.

BAP31 expression is an independent prognostic factor for OS of patients with postoperative HCC, and low expression levels of BAP31 in HCC may indicate poor outcomes of HCC patient after surgical resection.

We examine the link between enhanced accounting comparability and the valuation performance of pricing multiples. Using the warranted multiple method proposed by Bhojraj and Lee (2002, Journal of Accounting Research) and controlling for economic comparability, we demonstrate how enhanced accounting comparability leads to better peer-based valuation performance.Empirical tests using firms from 15 EU countries over the period 1997-2011 (with comparable peers selected from the entire cross-section of foreign firms) document significant improvement in valuation performance measured as pricing accuracy, the ability of value estimates to explain cross-sectional variation in observed price, and the ability of the pricing multiple to predict future market-to-book multiples. Findings for a series of identification tests suggest that enhanced valuation performance is the consequence of improvements in the degree of crossborder accounting comparability that occurred during the sample window, and that a significant fraction of comparability gain operates through improved peer selection.