No abstract

Colonic lipoma is an uncommon tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Most cases are asymptomatic, with a small tumor size, and do not need any special treatment. However, we encountered one patient with a giant submucosal lipoma, with a maximum diameter of 8.5 cm, which exhibited symptoms such as intermittent lower abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits with passage of fresh blood and mucus per rectum, abdominal distension, anorexia and weight loss. Unfortunately, the possibility of colonic malignancy could not be precluded and left hemicolectomy was planned. The exact diagnosis of this special case was accomplished by intraoperative pathology. In the end, local resection was performed instead of left hemicolectomy. To the best of our knowledge, colonic lipoma exceeding 8 cm in diameter has not been previously reported. We, therefore, present this case and discuss age and sex factors, clinical and histopathological findings, diagnostic methods and treatment by reviewing the available literature, to serve as a reminder that colonic lipoma can also exist in patients with significant symptoms. In addition, intraoperative pathology should be investigated in those doubtful cases, so as to guide the exact diagnosis and treatment plan.

Objective The purpose of this umbrella review was to assess the associations between sarcopenia and adverse health‐related outcomes. Design An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of observational studies. Setting and Participants Patients with sarcopenia and controls without sarcopenia were included. Measures The PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched for relevant systematic review and meta‐analysis. AMSTAR and GRADE system were used for methodological quality and evidence quality assessments, respectively. Results Totally 54 outcomes extracted from 30 meta‐analyses were analyzed. Twenty out of 21 prognostic outcomes indicated that sarcopenia was significantly associated with poorer prognosis of gastric cancer, hepatocellular cancer, urothelial cancer, head and neck cancer, hematological malignancy, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Besides, 10 out of 16 postoperative outcomes suggested that sarcopenia significantly increased the risk of multiple postoperative complications and prolonged the length of hospitalization of patients with digestive cancer. In age‐related outcomes, sarcopenia significantly increased the risk of dysphagia, cognitive impairment, fractures, falls, hospitalization, and all‐cause mortality of elderly populations. Moreover, sarcopenia was also associated with higher level of albuminuria, risk of depression, and several metabolic diseases. Conclusions and Implications Sarcopenia significantly affected a wide range of adverse health‐related outcomes, particularly in patients of tumor and elderly populations. Because evidences of most outcomes were rated as “low” and “very low,” more prospective cohort studies are required in the future.

No abstract

Studies investigating the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and gastric cancer risk report conflicting results. The objective of this study was to quantitatively summarize the evidence for such a relationship. Two investigators independently searched the Medline and Embase databases. This meta-analysis included 12 case-control studies, which included 1,665 gastric cancer cases and 2,358 controls. The combined results based on all studies showed that there was no significant difference in genotype distribution [Arg/Arg odds ratio (OR) 5 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5 0.79, 1.16; Pro/Pro (OR 5 1.21, 95% CI 5 0.92, 1.58); Pro/Arg (OR 5 0.95, 95% CI 5 0.79, 1.14)] between gastric cancer and noncancer patients. When stratifying for race, results were similar except that patients with gastric cancer had a significantly lower frequency of Arg/Arg (OR 5 0.84, 95% CI 5 0.72, 0.99) than noncancer patients among Asians. Stratified the various studies by the location, stage, Lauren's classification, and histological differentiation of gastric cancer, we found that (i) patients with cardia gastric cancer had a significantly higher frequency of Pro/Pro (OR 5 3.20, 95% CI 5 1.46,7.01) than those with noncardia gastric cancer among Asians; (ii) patients with advanced (stage III/IV) gastric cancer had a significantly higher frequency of Arg/ Arg (OR 5 1.48, 95% CI 5 1.01, 2.16) than those with early (stage I/II) gastric cancer among Asians; (iii) patients with poor differentiation had a significantly lower frequency of Pro/Pro (OR 5 0.13, 95% CI 5 0.03, 0.64) than those with well differentiation among Caucasians. This meta-analysis suggests that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism may be associated with gastric cancer among Asians, and that difference in genotype distribution may be associated with the location, stage, and histological differentiation of gastric cancer. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: gastric cancer; p53 codon 72; gene polymorphism; meta-analysis Gastric cancer, the second leading cause of death from cancer throughout the world, is an important health problem. A 2005 analysis of the worldwide incidence of and mortality from cancer showed that 934,000 cases of gastric cancer occurred in 2002 and that 700,000 patients die annually of this disease. 1 Despite the overall decline in gastric cancer rates in most of the Western World, gastric cancer remains a serious fatal disease throughout much of the rest of the world. Thirty-eight percent of worldwide cases occur in China, where it remains the most common cancer in both sexes as it is elsewhere in Eastern Asia. 2 Conversely, the incidence rates of adenocarcinomas of the proximal stomach and distal esophagus have been increasing, particularly in the Western World. 3 Gastric carcinogenesis is a complex, multistep and multifactorial process, in which many factors are implicated. The majority of gastric cancers are thought to be caused by environmental factors that result in damage to the mucosa and that inhibit its ability to repair itself. This response...

No abstract

Highlights d FiNad responds to subtle changes of NAD + metabolism in live cells and animals d The role of NAD + precursors in boosting NAD + levels is mapped in various organisms d Increased NAD + synthesis controls morphofunctional changes of activated macrophages d FiNad enables live-cell and in vivo imaging of NAD + decline during aging

Scope The aim of this article is to conduct an umbrella review to study the strength and validity of associations between tea consumption and diverse health outcomes. Methods and results Meta‐analyses of observational studies examining associations between tea consumption and health outcomes in all human populations and settings are screened. The umbrella review identifies 96 meta‐analyses with 40 unique health outcomes. Tea consumption shows greater benefits than harm to health in this review. Dose–response analyses of tea consumption indicates reduced risks of total mortality, cardiac death, coronary artery disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes mellitus with increment of two to three cups per day. Beneficial associations are also found for several cancers, skeletal, cognitive, and maternal outcomes. Harmful associations are found for esophageal and gastric cancer when the temperature of intake is more than 55–60 °C. Conclusion Tea consumption, except for very hot tea, seems generally safe at usual levels of intake, with summary estimates indicating the largest reduction for diverse health outcomes at two to three cups per day. Generally, tea consumption seems more beneficial than harmful in this umbrella review. Randomized controlled trials are further needed to understand whether the observed associations are causal.