Nickel-based single crystal (SX) superalloy is widely used in aero-engine turbine blades due to its excellent high-temperature performance and comprehensive performance [1] . It is well known that residual stresses generated during the removal of shell and cores can easily cause the formation of recrystallization layer on the surface of SX superalloy during heat treatment [2][3][4][5][6] . Due to the introduction of new grain boundaries (GBs) caused by the formation of recrystallization, the mechanical properties of SX superalloy are significantly decreased [7][8][9][10][11][12] . Jo et al. [7] reported that the early initiation of surface cracks in recrystallized specimens at 982 °C and 240 MPa could reduce creep life. Meng et al. [13]
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