The mineralogical phase of slag after crystallisation is essential to utilisation of steelmaking slag. The mineralogical phases of cooled multicomponent CaO-SiO 2 -MgO-Al 2 O 3 -Fe t O-P 2 O 5 slag with different iron oxide contents and basicities (defined as the ratio of mass percentage of CaO to mass percentage of SiO 2 (w(CaO)/w(SiO 2 ))) in different atmospheres were investigated in the present work by scanning electronic microscopy and energy dispersed spectroscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction. The mineralogical phases in steelmaking slag cooled in argon are mainly nCa 2 SiO 4 -Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (thereafter nC 2 S-C 3 P) solid solution, (Fe, Mn, Mg)O (RO) phase. Some CaMgSiO 4 phases could be found in slag with lower basicity. The mineralogical phases in steelmaking slag cooled in air are mainly nC 2 S-C 3 P solid solution, spinel phase. The overall crystallisation of slag cooled in both argon and air was enhanced with increasing basicity. However, the crystal sizes become smaller in sample with high basicity. The Fe-enriched phases were transformed from non-faceted RO phase in sample cooled in argon to faceted spinel phases in sample cooled in air. The crystallisation of slag cooled in both argon and air was promoted with increasing FeO x content. The phosphorus content in solid solution was elevated with decreasing basicity and increasing FeO x content. It was implied by the present work that appropriate basicity and air oxidation would be beneficial to magnetic separation and phosphorus utilisation.
Research on high‐entropy ceramics (HEC) is rapidly expanding; the myriad of unexplored compositions creates unique opportunities. Compared to the state of the art materials, HECs have shown favorable improvement on the long‐term stability and durability of secondary batteries (i.e., Li, Na, K, and S). This short review summarizes the recent (2015‐2020) progress done in the field of HECs for reversible energy storage (26 peer reviewed papers); it gives an overview on materials chemistry, reactivity/synthesis, processing routes, electrochemical performance, and applications. It also surveys 18 patents to trace the growing technological interest. The charge and discharge performance are analyzed and compared with reference established materials.
Two pairs of linear and cyclic polyacrylamide-type thermoresponsive heterofunctional-dendron-bearing polymers (THDPs) are designed to achieve on-demand phase transitions and nanostructures.
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