The activity-guided chromatographic purification of the methanol extract of Knema hookeriana, using pine wood nematodes Bursaphelenchus xylophilus has successfully led to the isolation and characterization of two phenolic antinematodal compounds with minimun effective dose (MED) of 4.5 and 20 μg/cotton ball (μg/ bl.) or 0.018 and 0.073 μᴍ/cotton ball (μᴍ/bl.), respectively. Based on their chemical and spectral properties, these compounds were determined to be 3-undecylphenol (1) and 3-(8Z-tridecenyl)-phenol (2). These compounds were isolated for the first time from this species, and 2 seems to be a novel compound.
Sixty five methanolic extracts of Sumatran rainforest plants representing 63 species of 21 families were as sayed in vivo for antinematodal activity against Bursa phelenchus xylophilus using our cotton ball-fungal mat method. Extracts of 27 plants species from 14 families exhibited antinematodal activity, while 37 species were inactive. Among them, three extracts of Bischofia javanica, Knema hookeriana and Areca catechu exhibited very strong activity at minimum effective dose (M ED ) of 0.7 mg/cotton ball (mg/bl.). Eight extracts from Allamanda cathartica, Ervatamia corymbosa, Hoya diversifolia, Bischofia javanica, Derris malacensis, Melastoma melabathricum, Ophiorriza konsteleary and Brucea sumatrana also showed strong activity (M ED, 5 mg/bl.).
Ekstraksi dan analisis KLT dari ekstrak rebung Schizostachyum brachycladum Kurz (Kurz), serta uji aktivitas antihiperurisemia pada mencit putih jantan telah dilakukan. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi. Penentuan golongan senyawa dilakukan dengan berbagai reagen warna pada plat KLT. Pengukuran kadar asam urat dilakukan pada hari ke-8 setelah pemberian dosis harian homogenat hati ayam sebagai penginduksi asam urat bersamaan dengan suspensi ekstrak pada dosis 25, 50 dan 100 mg/kg dan allopurinol sebagai pembanding. Kadar asam urat serum mencit putih jantan diukur dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer. Hasil pengukuran memperlihatkan pemberian ekstrak rebung dengan dosis 25, 50 dan 100 mg/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat mencit putih jantan dan berbeda secara signifkan dibandingkan dengan kontrol (p<0,05). Ketiga dosis ekstrak tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata dalam menurunkan kadar asam urat (p>0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak rebung memiliki aktivitas antihiperurisemia.
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