An exponential increase in the number of studies investigating how different components of the diet interact at the molecular and cellular level to determine the fate of a cell has been witnessed. In search for anticancer drugs compelling data from laboratories, epidemiologic investigations, and human clinical trials showed that flavonoids have important effects on cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. In many molecular mechanisms of action for prevention against cancer, flavonoids play a major role by interacting between different types of genes and enzymes. Many mechanisms of action have been identified, including carcinogen inactivation, antiproliferation, cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, antioxidation, and reversal of multidrug resistance or a combination of these mechanisms. This review focuses on the anticancer activity of flavonoids as well as their molecular mechanisms, including the treatment of mammary and prostate cancer. This review also highlights some advanced derivatives of flavonoids, which play an important role against cancer.

PurposeWomen empowerment becomes an important policy discussion in development economics and modernization theory. The empowerment of women can lead to an increase in the quality viz-a-viz the capacity of human resources accessible for economic development. The purpose of this study is to evidence the impact of social and economic dimensions on women empowerment through financial inclusion in rural India.Design/methodology/approachTo reveal the research objective, the study has utilized a primary survey of women respondents from the Gujarat state of India by a simple random sampling method and applied a logistic regression approach to identify the relationship between the need of a bank account (determinant of financial inclusion) as a dependent variable and social and economic dimensions of women empowerment such as earning status, participation in financial decision-making, recipient of social welfare schemes and perception towards the safety of saving as independent variables.FindingsThe results of this study show that earning status, participation in financial decision-making at household level and recipient of social welfare schemes by women have a significant impact on women empowerment through financial inclusion; however, safety of their savings is observed as an insignificant variable, yet the odd value is very high (2.437) in the present study.Originality/valueThe present study is the first of its kind to examine the social and economic status of women and its impact on their requirement of a formal bank account for the overall empowerment of women in rural India.

Fiscal incentives act as an instrument to enhance growth of industry and in turn, that of economy is a debatable issue all over the world. Many countries and many governments have burnt their hands in imposing or reducing tax rates and other benefits. The impact of different fiscal incentives on various corporate decisions is not certain and varies from country to country and time to time. Sometimes it has been found that such fiscal incentives work best when it is coupled with other factors like political stability, infrastructure facilities etc. In addition, many researchers have viewed that such fiscal incentives results in to nothing but just raises the burden of the government. The present study attempts to find out how industrial sector particularly MSMEs view these incentives on their overall impact.

India continues to remain the world’s largest milk producer largely due to the efforts of millions of small and marginal dairy farmers and an efficient dairy value chain established through institutional structures in the form of dairy cooperatives. While the efforts to strengthen dairy value chain are continuing, the potential of dung of dairy animals as a key by-product remains largely unexplored. Animal dung is generally used in India as agriculture input and cooking fuel. Innovation of anaerobic digesters in the last century did provide an option of extracting biogas from dung. At the same time, a proper value addition of bioslurry produced from the biogas does have an immense potential to satisfy fertiliser needs in India. India’s 303 million strong bovine population has the capacity to produce 995 million tonnes of recoverable dung having potential to suffice cooking fuel need of entire rural households, and at the same time can significantly contribute in reducing use of chemical fertilisers by using digestate/slurry as replacement. This article attempts to explore the potential of animal manure as provider of energy and fertiliser. It also deliberates upon the attempt of National Dairy Development Board to establish manure value chain providing remunerative price of animal dung to farmers while satisfying their cooking needs and contributing towards mitigation of adverse environmental impact.

There is no clear-cut evidence whether fiscal incentives turn into desired growth of the economy or just result in cost for the exchequer. Looking at the success of China and other countries, India has tried to replicate the ‘zone’ concept by enacting special economic zones (SEZs) policy in 2005. The present article attempts to study different types of fiscal incentives given to the firms in SEZs and their impact on the performance through survey-cum-interview method. The research reveals that there is a need to modify the structure of present incentives to tap its full benefit.

Good governance enhances efficiency both in public and private sector organizations. Productivity and good governance are closely associated to aid value for investment both in terms of time and money, and end-user satisfaction. Productivity Enhancement and quality improvement of higher education depend on governance-trends and productive leadership of the institution. Discipline, and quality vision set, and policy practiced by the leadership in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) propagate down the timeline-hierarchy. This article addresses the pivotal factors and parameters worldwide studied, accepted and opined in various case studies and policy making schemes for good governance of Higher Education Indian Institution (HEIIs). This is necessary to enable their leadership enhancing the organizational productivity for 21st-century Indian subcontinent. The 3rd largest youth in the world studying in HEIIs would contribute the most to the growth of 21st-century Indian economy and living standards. This shall be possible when educational productivity of HEII-leadership is innovatively transformed into transformative innovation. In this paper effects, consequences, impacts, opportunities, problems and remedies regarding pivotal issues and challenges of and for existing HEIIs for becoming world-class education system are systematically reviewed. Recommendations based upon studies and findings are made for 21st-century HEII-leadership, and practical model is presented to measure the productivity.

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