One of the methods in sustainable agriculture is transforming crop wastes into beneficial products such as bio-fertilizer, which will improve the soil fertility, preserving the natural sources, and cost-effective practices. Currently, these practices also need to be applied in plant tissue culture technology to enhance an eco-friendly and sustainable resources which are abundant and locally available. To date, the new bio-organic media derived from different types of agricultural wastes, especially from fruit wastes were successfully established. The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of agricultural waste, i.e. Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) through a natural fermentation process as a potential nutrient source to substitute the existing standard and synthetic plant tissue culture media (PTC) such as Murashige and Skoog’s (1962) (MS) Medium, Woody Plant Medium (WPM), N6 (Chu) Medium and Gamborg’s (B-5) Medium, available in the market. 100 mL (v/v) POME solution was added with 100 mL (v/v) molasses and then were fermented naturally for 4 weeks in dark condition at room temperature. The results showed that the nutritional value of the fermented POME solution was higher than the synthetic MS basal salt medium. The new POME PTC medium was successfully formulated as a new bio-plant tissue culture media for in vitro regeneration of Musa acuminata.
The sweet diterpene glycosides extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert) Bertoni are of increasing interest in recent years as possible sugar substitutes. The approach for this study was towards farmers and household which more applicable for them to use portable refractometer rather than analysis in laboratory using HPLC. Other than that, this finding could be a help in reducing cost due to high costing of HPLC. Our objectives were to investigate the application of refractometer in analysis of steviol glycosides and its correlation with HPLC. The calibration curve for standard stevioside and Reb A shows the value of R 2 , 0.9903 and 0.9901 respectively. The results obtained from the MINITAB software version 16, shows the Pearson coefficient, r was 0.986 and the P-value shows the significant value which was 0.000 (p<0.05). Besides, the scatter plot shows the linear correlation for both analyser.
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