To explore training-related independent factors affecting the awareness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in senior high school students in Shanghai. Methods: Questionnaires measuring CPR-related knowledge were distributed to 430 senior high school students in Shanghai. Results: The overall CPR qualification rate was 7.7%. Qualification rate increased significantly with training frequency (5.5% vs. 9.3% vs. 20%), personal willingness to perform CPR (3.7% vs. 9.5%) and smaller training intervals (12.8% vs. 5.3% vs. 1.8%). After adjustment, training interval <6 months (odds ratio [OR] 6.078, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.367-27.014) remained an independent predictor of qualifying rate. In unqualified students, willingness to implement CPR (72.4% vs. 66.2% vs. 54.8%) and training interval <6 months (23.8% vs. 15.8% vs. 6.8%) decreased

CRISPR-Cas9, an efficient genome editing tool, has been widely used in research and holds great promise in the clinic. However, large unintended rearrangements of the genome occur frequently after CRISPR-Cas9 editing and their potential risk cannot be ignored. In this study, we detected large deletions (LDs) induced by CRISPR-Cas9 in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and found the microhomology end joining (MMEJ) DNA repair pathway plays a predominant role in LD. We genetically targeted PARP1, RPA, POLQ and LIG3, which play critical roles in MMEJ, during CRISPR-Cas9 editing. By analyzing LD events in two independent gene loci, CD9 and PIGA, using flow cytometry and long-read individual molecule sequencing (IDMseq), we showed that knocking down PARP1 and LIG3 does not alter the frequency of Cas9-induced LD, while knocking down or inhibiting POLQ dramatically reduces LD. Knocking down RPA increases LD frequency, and overexpression of RPAs consistently reduces LD frequency. Interestingly, small-molecule inhibition of POLQ and delivery of recombinant RPA proteins also dramatically increase the efficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR). In conclusion, RPA and POLQ play opposite roles in Cas9-induced LD, modulation of POLQ and RPA can reduce LD and improve HDR, thus holding promise for safe and precise genome editing.

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Summary In this article, we consider the planning problem of Internet of Things networks working on TV White Space (TVWS), that is, optimizing the number of gateways and their locations to cover the M2M devices using the available TVWS spectrum. We first formulate it into a nondeterministic polynomial optimization problem, and then present the multiobjective ant lion optimizer (MOALO) algorithm with low complexity to solve it. Simulation results show that the proposed MOALO solution can achieve better performance than the classical multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm. Considering the typical case with M2M devices distributed Gaussianly with the variance 80, to achieve 99% coverage, the number of gateways selected by the proposed MOALO algorithm can be 14% less than that obtained from the MOPSO algorithm.

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