Various infectious viruses have been posing a major threat to global public health, especially SARS‐CoV‐2, which has already claimed more than six million lives up to now. Tremendous efforts have been made to develop effective techniques for rapid and reliable pathogen detection. The unique characteristics of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) pose numerous advantages when employed in biosensors, and they are a promising candidate for virus detection. Herein, this Review will discuss the recent advancement in the UCNP‐based biosensors for virus and biomarkers detection. We summarize four basic principles that guide the design of UCNP‐based biosensors, which are utilized with luminescent or electric responses as output signals. These strategies under fundamental mechanisms facilitate the enhancement of the sensitivity of UCNP‐based biosensors. Moreover, a detailed discussion and benefits of applying UCNP in various virus bioassays will be presented. We will also address some obstacles in these detection techniques and suggest routes for progress in the field. These progressions will undoubtedly pose UCNP‐based biosensors in a prominent position for providing a convenient, alternative approach to virus detection.
Preparation of rare earth ions doped photoluminescence materials with controlled morphology was desired to fulfill the requirement of different applications. In the work, convex-lens-like NaYF 4 microcrystals doped with various rare earth ions were prepared by adjusting preparation parameters including the reaction time, reaction temperature, NaOH concentration, ratio of oleic acid to 1-octadecene, and types of doping ions. A possible growth mechanism of convex-lenslike NaYF 4 microcrystals is proposed based on reaction time and temperature-dependent morphology evolution. The formation of microconvex-lens includes the three processes of NaYF 4 nanoparticles selfassemble, dissolution−nucleation, and regrowth. Doping ions dependent near-infrared and upconversion luminescence properties of convex-lenslike NaYF 4 microcrystals were investigated excited at 808 nm. The visible upconversion luminescence was observed in the
Upconversion luminescence of rare‐earth ions doped nanoparticles can be enhanced by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble metals nanoparticles, which was extensively investigated. The semiconductor nanomaterials such as the WO2.72 exhibited the tunable LSPR, which provide the possibility for the luminescence enhancement of upconversion nanoparticles. In this work, the urchin‐like WO2.72 was successfully prepared by solvothermal method, exhibiting the LSPR in the near infrared region. The influence of LSPR of WO2.72 on the upconversion luminescence of NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ nanoparticles was investigated firstly. The 525, 542, and 660 nm upconversion luminescence of NaYF4: Yb3+,Er3+ nanoparticles was increased by the 10, 8, and 12 factors, respectively, which was from the enhanced excitation field induced by the WO2.72 film.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.