Aqueous aluminium-ion rechargeable batteries (AAIBs) have attracted lots of attention due to their high theoretical capacity, high volumetric energy density and low price.

This paper mainly focuses on the synergistic effect of Sn and N dopants to enhance the photocatalytic performance of anatase TiO2 under visible light or simulated solar light irradiation. The Sn and N co-doped TiO2 (SNT-x) photocatalysts were successfully prepared by the facile sol-gel method and the post-nitridation route in the temperature range of 400-550 °C. All the as-prepared samples were characterized in detail by X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron and electron spin resonance spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical measurements. The characterization results reveal that the co-incorporation of Sn and N atoms remarkably modifies the electronic structure of TiO2, which gives rise to a prominent separation of photogenerated charge carriers and more efficient interfacial charge-transfer reactions in a photocatalytic process. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the intensified active oxygen species including hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and superoxide anion radicals (O2˙(-)) for degradation of organic pollutants. And the result of photocatalytic hydrogen production further confirms the existence of the synergistic effect in the SNT-x samples, because they exhibit higher photocatalytic activity than the sum of N/TiO2 and Sn/TiO2. This work provides a paradigm to consolidate the understanding of the synergistic effect of metal and non-metal co-doped TiO2 in domains of photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry.

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The impurity [Fe3+–O2−] species in HZSM-5 zeolite is predominantly tetrahedrally coordinated and is the photoactive centre for photocatalytic CO2 conversion.

With the coming worldwide commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the challenges regarding its cost, performance and durability urgently need to be overcome. Developing ultralow platinum (Pt) loading...

Monoclinic β-Ga 2 O 3 nanosheets hold great potential applications in electronic, optical, and photocatalytic fields. In this study, two-dimensional β-Ga 2 O 3 nanosheets were successfully fabricated through a simple crystalline phase transition from the as-prepared ultrathin γ-Ga 2 O 3 nanosheets. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction under UV light irradiation was achieved on the two kinds of photocatalysts. However, β-Ga 2 O 3 with a higher crystallinity shows a lower photocatalytic activity in comparison with γ-Ga 2 O 3 . The average apparent quantum yield is calculated to be 0.29% for β-Ga 2 O 3 nanosheets and 1.82% for γ-Ga 2 O 3 . More efficient separation and transfer rates of photogenerated carriers and larger specific areas were found in γ-Ga 2 O 3 . On the basis of the analysis of the structures of γ-Ga 2 O 3 and β-Ga 2 O 3 , it is proposed that the disordered or defective structure contributes to the improvement of photocatalytic activity to some extent. Therefore, it is significant to develop the photocatalyst with a stable structure and a certain number of defects at the same time.

bWe detected Toxoplasma gondii in 29.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.5% to 33.1%) of 550 insectivorous bats collected in Myanmar. The genotyping of these positive samples revealed they were closely related to or belong to clonal type I, which is highly virulent in mice, showing that these bats are potential reservoirs for T. gondii transmission.

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