Highlights d H4K91glu is a new histone mark enriched at promoters of highly expressed genes d H4K91glu destabilizes nucleosome by affecting (H2A/H2B) and (H3/H4) 2 interaction d H4K91glu is regulated by KAT2A and Sirt7 as its ''writer'' and ''eraser,'' respectively d H4K91glu regulates chromatin structure and dynamics in response to DNA damage
Hydrogen bonding (HB) universally
exists in CHON-containing energetic materials (EMs) and significantly
influences their structures, properties, and performances. As time
proceeds, some new types of EMs such as energetic cocrystals (ECCs)
and energetic ionic salts (EISs) are thriving currently and richening
insight into the HB of EMs, and these are reviewed in this article
as well. The intramolecular HB mostly exists in stable molecules while
seldom in less stable molecules; weak and abundant HBs dominate intermolecular
interactions and consolidate crystal packing. For ECCs with neutral
heterogeneous molecules, intermolecular HBs serve as one of the strategies
for crystal design. In comparison, the HBs in EISs are greatly strengthened
as their polarity significantly increases with ionization. A strong
intramolecular HB usually enhances molecular stability with large
π-bonds
and packing coefficients and facilitates reversible H transfer, which
is advantageous for low mechanical sensitivity. The intermolecular
HB-aided π–π stacking that favors low mechanical
sensitivity is observed in all three kinds of EMs, including traditional
EMs with neutral homogeneous molecules, ECCs with neutral heterogeneous
molecules, and EISs. However, a strong intermolecular HB in an EM
causes a ready intermolecular H transfer, thereby worsening thermal
stability. Thus, the influence of HBs on the stability of EMs can
go both ways, and there should be a balance when new HB-containing
EMs are designed.
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