Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Interleukin‐1‐beta (IL‐1β) is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine and potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. Some studies provided evidence of the association between IL‐1B 31 polymorphism and gastric cancer risk while other studies did not. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis to reassess the association. A systematic literature search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases identified 37 studies with 6108 cases and 8980 controls for this meta‐analysis. The crude odd ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the association. Meta‐regression was used to determine the major source of heterogeneity across the studies. The pooled analysis did not suggest the significant association of IL‐1B 31 C>T polymorphism with gastric cancer risk. Stratified analysis was performed by ethnicity, source of control, genotype method, and indicated a significantly increased gastric cancer risk associated with IL‐1B 31T variant in the population‐based subgroup (heterozygous model: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03–1.45). Moreover, stratified analysis by Helicobacter pylori infection status indicated that IL‐1B 31 polymorphism increased gastric cancer risk in infection‐positive subgroup (homozygous model: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.02–1.78; heterozygous model: OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04–1.66; recessive model: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.04–1.61). The study suggested that IL‐1B 31 polymorphism might confer susceptibility to gastric cancer in the presence of H. pylori infection, indicating a gene–environment interaction in gastric carcinogenesis.
ABSTRACT. Numerous studies have evaluated the association between CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. However, the specific association is still controversial. The aim of our study was to clarify the effects of CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms (3801 T>C and A2455G) on HCC risk by conducting a meta-analysis. We conducted searches of the literature published in PubMed and EMBASE databases up to April 2014. We estimated the pooled odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval to assess the association using a fixed or random-effects model. Publication bias was investigated by the Begg funnel plot. Meta-analysis was performed using the STATA package version 12.0. Meta-analysis results showed no significant association between the CYP1A1 3801 T>C polymorphism and HCC risk. In a subgroup analysis by nationality, we found a significant association between 3801 T>C polymorphism and HCC risk in Asians CYP1A1 polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma (TT vs TC: OR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.60-0.99). As for A2455G, the metaanalysis indicated no significant association between the CYP1A1 A2455G polymorphism and HCC risk. In conclusion, the 3801 T>C polymorphism in the CYP1A1 gene may be related to increased risk of HCC in Asians. Conclusive evidence on the effects of the variants in HCC should be addressed in further studies.
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