Lag consensus means that the corresponding state vectors of the followers are behind the leader with a lag time. In this paper, Lyapunov functional and matrix theory are applied to analyze pinning-controlled lag consensus of second-order nonlinear multiagent systems. The focus is twofold: 1) to find out which agents should be pinned and 2) to determine what the coupling strength should be, so that the multiagent systems can reach lag consensus. Moreover, the practical problem in a noisy environment is considered. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed pinning control protocol.
Consensus problems, as basic topics in distributed coordination of multi-agent systems, have drawn a great deal of attention from different research fields. Generally, consensus refers to the asymptotic convergence of state variables of all agents with time evolution. In this paper, a concept on partial component consensus in multi-agent system is first given, which is a weaker dynamic behavior of group than the consensus in general, and then the problem of partial component consensus in leader-following first-order multi-agent system with the directed network topology is discussed. By designing an appropriate pinning control protocol and building corresponding error system, partial component consensus in multi-agent system is transformed into the partial variable stability of the error system. Using matrix theory and stability theory, a sufficient condition is given to realize partial component consensus in multi-agent system. Numerical simulations are given to illustrate the theoretical results.
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