Eight new polyketides, including three dimeric benzophenones, named dipleosporones A−C (1−3), three benzophenones (4−6), one xanthone (7), and one phenylbenzoate (8), along with seven known polyketides (9−15) were isolated from the fungus Pleosporales sp. YY-4. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods, including high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and one-and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. This is the first report of a benzophenone dimer connection via a C bridge from natural sources. An antiinflammatory assay indicated that the dimeric benzophenones (1−3) inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values ranging from 8.8 to 18.1 μM, being more potent than the positive control, dexamethasone (IC 50 = 22.2 μM).
Eight undescribed triterpenoids (1 -8), including one apotirucallane-type triterpenoid (1), six tirucallane-type triterpenoids (2-7), and one oleanane-type triterpenoid (8), along with ten known compounds (9 -18) were isolated from the resins of Pistacia lentiscus. Their structures were elucidated by integrating NMR spectroscopic analyses and ESI-HR-MS. Compounds 5, 11-17 exhibited moderate inhibitory abilities against NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, with IC 50 values in the range of 18.26 -50.37 μM, compared to that of the positive control dexamethasone (IC 50 = 20.24 μM).
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