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This paper proposed an improved image semantic segmentation method based on superpixels and conditional random fields (CRFs). The proposed method can take full advantage of the superpixel edge information and the constraint relationship among different pixels. First, we employ fully convolutional networks (FCN) to obtain pixel-level semantic features and utilize simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) to generate superpixel-level region information, respectively. Then, the segmentation results of image boundaries are optimized by the fusion of the obtained pixel-level and superpixel-level results. Finally, we make full use of the color and position information of pixels to further improve the semantic segmentation accuracy using the pixel-level prediction capability of CRFs. In summary, this improved method has advantages both in terms of excellent feature extraction capability and good boundary adherence. Experimental results on both the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset and the Cityscapes dataset show that the proposed method can achieve significant improvement of segmentation accuracy in comparison with the traditional FCN model.

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