Vibrio parahaemolyticus pode causar vibriose em camarão cultivado e também gastrenterites no consumidor. Neste trabalho foram verificadas as condições higiênico-sanitárias em camarões (Litopenaeus vannamei) e na água de viveiros de carcinicultura no litoral piauiense quanto a V. parahaemolyticus. Foram coletadas 148 amostras de água e 72 amostras de camarão em três fases de cultivo: pós-larva, juvenil e engorda em quatro propriedades. Foram transferidos 25g de cada amostra para frasco contendo 225mL de água peptonada com 3% de sal para o preparo da diluição 10-1, a partir dessa foram preparadas as diluições 10-2 e 10-3. Para o teste presuntivo, alíquotas de 1,0mL dessas diluições foram semeadas em três tubos com caldo Horie Arabinose Violeta de Etila (37ºC/24 horas). Repicou-se para agar TCBS (37ºC/24 horas). As colônias típicas foram semeadas em: agar motilidade sal, agar nutritivo sal, caldo peptonado sal e ágar TSI sal (incubados a 37ºC/24 horas), testes bioquímicos: halofilismo (0; 3; 6; 8 e 10%), crescimento a 42ºC, teste de Kanagawa, prova de Hugh-Leifson, descarboxilação da lisisna e arginina e fermentação de manitol e sacarose. V. parahaemolyticus foi semelhante estatisticamente nas amostras de água e das fases pós-larva e engorda em todas as propriedades estuário e viveiros. Nas amostras de camarões também não houve diferença significativa estatística entre propriedades e fases de cultivo As águas do sistema produtivo e os camarões cultivados no litoral piauiense apresentam condições higiênico-sanitárias satisfatórias quanto à enumeração de Vibrioparahaemolyticus.
The sodium metabisulphite (SMB) is used in shrimp farming to prevent melanosis and the 5.0 ppm chlorine (CL) concentration used in the shrimp processing is efficient as a bactericide, but there is no evidence of the effectiveness of these chemical compounds as fungicides. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of sodium metabisulphite (SMB) and chlorine (CL) on the growth of Aspergillus and Penicillium species isolated from marine shrimp in different stages of processing. The samples were collected from a frozen shrimp processing industry, located in Piauí State, Brazil. The total fungi and occurrence of Aspergillus and Penicillium species were evaluated. For in vitro sensibility test using the diffusion disk in agar method, five concentrations of SMB (0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10%) and six of CL (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 µg mL-1) were used. The fungal counts in the different processing stages ranged from 1.74 to 3.38 CFU g-1. Twenty-nine Aspergillus strains were isolated, prevailing A. versicolor (59.3%) and twenty-two of Penicillium, prevailing P. citrinum (74%). One strain of A. flavus was AFB1 producer. All the isolated strains of P. citrinum produced citrinin. All tested species were in vitro sensitive to 3% of SMB, except the A. flavus. The 10% concentration of SMB inhibited the in vitro growth of all strains. The CL concentrations tested did not inhibit the studied species growth and SMB concentrations above 3.0% inhibited in vitro the growth of the tested strains.
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