N,N‐diallyl‐N,N‐dimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and vinyl ether of monoethanolamine (VEMEA) copolymer P(DADMAC‐VEMEA) were synthesized using radical polymerization in water media using ammonium persulfate as an initiator. The synthesis of this copolymer was investigated over a wide composition range at low conversion levels. The viscosity of the copolymers was measured in aqueous 1 M NaCl. Flocculating action and antimicrobial activities of the copolymers P(DADMAC‐VEMEA) against microbacteria and sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) were studied. Synthesized copolymers had flocculating effects and can be used to purify wastewater from particles of bentonite clays. Also, the copolymer with a molar composition [DADMAC]: [VEMEA] = (80÷20):(20÷80) retarded the population of both bacteria, Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) in the diffusion zone. Furthermore, the copolymer with a molar composition [DADMAC]:[VEMEA] = (90÷10):(20÷80) had bactericidal properties against SRB. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the copolymer varied from 0.01% to 0.1% depending on the molar composition of the copolymer.
In this work, we report the first molecular weight-controlled amphiphilic polybetaine synthesis using various hydrocarbons via reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The experimental separation of the alkyl aminocrotonate tautomers, which has been the subject of debate, was completed for the first time. The enamine form of these tautomers was further used as a monomer for the RAFT polymerization of amphiphilic polycarboxybetaines. Self-assembly of the amphiphilic polycarboxybetaines showed micelle structures from spherical, rod-like to fractal in the aqueous media due to the competition between both electrostatic and hydrophobic forces. Hydrophobically dominant interactions among amphiphilic polycarboxybetaines and long-chain hydrocarbon alkane molecules were investigated to understand long-chain hydrocarbon alkane crystallization using alkane crystal deposition and viscosity experiments. Strong hydrophobic forces between poly(hexadecyl-grafted aminocrotonate−methacrylic acid) and long-chain hydrocarbon alkane molecules changed the surface properties of the long-chain hydrocarbon alkane nucleus and inhibited the growth of paraffin crystals.
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