[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact on the edema and pain when applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven patients who were diagnosed with lymphedema were selected as the subjects of the study. The experimental group received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation treatment on edema regions three times per week for four weeks. Surface tape measurement was used to measure changes in lower extremity edema. Pain intensity was measured using the visual analog scale. [Results] The edema decrements in the experimental group were significantly larger than those in the control group. The pain decrements in the experimental group were significantly larger than those in the control group. [Conclusion] In conclusion, application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was confirmed to be effective in reducing edema and pain.

[Purpose] This study evaluated the effects of an oral orthosis that can change body alignment on the balance ability and gait of healthy adults. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of this study were 21 University students. A gait analyzer was used to analyze the subjects’ balance ability and gait quality. Two walking speeds were used: 2 km/h, a comfortable speed, and 4 km/h, a slightly faster walking speed. [Results] The step length, and base of gait at 2 km/h differed significantly after the intervention. The total step time and step length increased significantly after the intervention. Furthermore, the total base of gait decreased significantly after the intervention. The step times of the left lower limb at 4 km/h differed significantly after the intervention. [Conclusion] The oral orthosis tested positively affects the balance ability and gait of healthy adults.

[Purpose] This study examined the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and concentric contraction of the muscles surrounding the elbow joints on pain and muscular strength in the elbow joints of patients with lateral epicondylitis. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of this study were 30 patients who visited our hospital with the main complaint of lateral pain in the elbow joint. All subjects were randomly and equally assigned to an experimental group that conducted concentric contraction exercises in sync with a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation cycle and a control group that performed concentric contraction after the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Patients used a 10 cm visual analogue scale to evaluate the level of pain in their elbow joints. To measure the strength of muscles around the elbow joints, the subjects’ paretic grip strength was measured using an electronic grip strength dynamometer. [Results] No statistically significant difference in visual analog scale was found between the two groups. Regarding changes in grip strength, changes in the experimental group’s grip strength were significantly greater than those in the control group. [Conclusion] These results can be used as a basis for reducing pain and improving strength in lateral epicondylitis patients.

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