In fermented beverages, yeasts have been exploited for many years and are well-known as alcohol producers. In Indonesian traditional beverages, however, information about microbiology and potential bioactive-compounds of rice wine produced by the local people, especially in Lombok, are limited. The present study described the compounds of traditional rice wine including yeast species and its produced compounds that have biological activity. The yeast in rice wine was isolated using three growth agar media by serial dilution, selected the yeast colonies for molecular identification, and performed gas chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry for profiling the chemical compounds of the rice wine. The result indicated that the rice wine sold without distillation still contained Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the main alcohol producer. Meanwhile, at least six bioactive-compounds such as l-(+)-Ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, performic acid, octadecanoic acid, sulfurous acid, tetratriacontane, and eicosane were detected and reportedly related to antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and other pharmacological activities. These findings could be the first step of studies on exploring Indonesian’s local rice wine as alcohol and bioactive-compound sources for health benefits.
Red-yeasts are pigmented yeast species that could synthesize carotenoids for food supplements and pharmaceutical purposes. However, this group contains a lot of species which need to be explored thoroughly. The objective of this study was to view the β-carotene production of three indigenous red-yeasts by modifying glucose content in the growth medium and verifying their phylogenetic relationship. The glucose content modification in growth media influenced the β-carotene production of each species. Rhodosporidiobolus ruineniae (InaCCY1638/Y15Eg075) and Rhodosporidiobolus poonsokiae (InaCCY1606/Y15Kr068) produced higher β-carotene than Rhodotorula paludigena (InaCCY1527/Y15Eg004). These Rhodosporidiobolus species were able to produce higher β-carotene from 0.5 to 2% glucose content while Rhodotorula was low production in 2% glucose content. The higher producers by Rhodosporidiobolus species were clustered to Ruineniae clade and could be a potential clade for higher β-carotene production. Based on this result, using a high carotenoid producer of red-yeasts from indigenous strains is potential to be developed for β-carotene bioindustry in the future.
Gunungkidul Regency received an elimination certificate in April 2014, but in 2019 there was one imported case, and it is possible that indigenous transmission may have the potential to occur. Gunungkidul is also a tourist area visited by many domestic tourists who can come from malaria endemic areas. This study aims to map the malaria receptive area to determine early warning measure to maintain malaria elimination status. The research method is quantitative with observational descriptive. The data was obtained from the mapping of the malaria receptive area of the Yogyakarta BBTKLPP in 2021 in the form of larval survey results and the capture of nocturnal adult mosquitoes. The location of the activity is at two points, namely Ngawis Village, Karangmojo District and Pacarejo Village, Semanu District, Gunungkidul Regency. The results showed that Ngawis Village and Pacarejo Village were malaria receptive areas because Anopheles sp. larvae were found with a habitat index of 20.7% and 3.3%, which exceeded the quality standard of the Minister of Health RI No. 50 of 2017 and the capture of the Anopheles mosquito as a potential malaria vector in residential areas. The identified species are An. vagus, An. aconitus, and An. maculatus. Conclusion Ngawis Village has a higher malaria receptivity compared to Pacarejo Village, with more diverse breeding places and more adult mosquitoes caught. Both villages need to make efforts to reduce breeding places and implement an early warning system against malaria.
An assemblage of endophytic fungi was isolated from Moringa oleifera Lam. collected from Lombok island, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Fungal endophytes were isolated using surface sterilization methods with slight modification. Forty-six selected endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the leaves, petioles, and stems of M. oleifera. The fungal strains identification through morphological observation and ITS rDNA-based molecular analysis showed that fungal endophytes were associated with host plants belonging to the taxa Alternaria, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum (Glomerella), Corynespora, Curvularia (Cochliobolus), Fusarium, Mucor, Ochrocladosporium, Phomopsis (Diaporthe), and Trametes. In this study, endophytic Phomopsis dominating the obtained strains, whereas 26% (12/46) strains were isolated from host plant samples.
Konfirmasi Mikroba Endofit Penyebab Kontaminasi pada Kultur Jaringan Kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) Tanaman kangkung secara alami bersimbiosis dengan mikroba endofit, yang berpotensi menjadi kontaminan pada kultur jaringan kangkung karena berada di dalam jaringan dan sulit dijangkau saat proses sterilisasi eksplan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengonfirmasi mikroba endofit penyebab kontaminasi pada kultur jaringan kangkung ‘Tetraploid’ sehingga dapat menjadi informasi awal untuk metode sterilisasi yang efektif. Sebanyak 14 sampel kontaminan pada media tanam kultur jaringan kangkung diisolasi dan diidentifikasi secara molekuler berdasarkan gen 16S rDNA untuk bakteri, daerah D1/D2 dari gen LSU rRNA untuk khamir, dan daerah ITS dari gen rDNA untuk jamur. Keragaman jenis mikroba yang teridentifikasi dibandingkan dengan keragaman jenis mikroba endofit dari jaringan tanaman kangkung yang ditanam pada media kultur jaringan tidak terkontaminasi mikroba, media kultur jaringan terkontaminasi mikroba, media tanam campuran tanah steril dan tidak steril, serta kangkung yang didapatkan dari pasar. Hasil penelitian ini mengonfirmasi bahwa khamir endofit dari kelompok Ustilaginaceae (basidiomycetous yeast) yang berasal dari jaringan tanaman kangkung sama dengan jenis kontaminan yang mengontaminasi media kultur jaringan kangkung ‘Tetraploid’. Khamir dari kelompok Ustilaginaceae (basidiomycetous yeast) tersebut juga merupakan mikroba paling dominan yang mengontaminasi media tanam kultur jaringan kangkung ‘Tetraploid’. Keywords: Ipomoea aquatica, kultur jaringan, mikroba endofit, morfologi, pohon filogeni Water spinach in nature lives in symbiosis with endophytic microbes, which have the potential to become contaminants in water spinach tissue culture because they are difficult to eliminate during the explant sterilization process. This study aimed to confirm endophytic microbes that cause contamination in the tissue culture of 'Tetraploid' water spinach so that it can provide initial information for an effective sterilization method. Fourteen contaminant samples in water spinach tissue culture media were isolated and identified molecularly based on the 16S rDNA gene for bacteria, the D1/D2 region of the LSU rRNA gene sequences for yeast, and ITS region of the rDNA gene for mold. The diversity of microbial species identified was compared with the diversity of endophytic microbial types from water spinach plant tissue grown on sterile tissue culture media, microbially contaminated tissue culture media, sterile and non-sterile soil mixed planting media, and water spinach obtained from the market. The results confirmed that endophytic yeast from Ustilaginaceae group (basidiomycetous yeast) derived from water spinach plant tissue was the same type of microbe that contaminated the 'Tetraploid' water spinach tissue culture media. The results gave new information that yeast from the Ustilaginaceae (basidiomycetous yeast) group was the most dominant microbe contaminating water spinach ‘Tetraploid’ tissue culture media. This group is endophytic yeast that lives within Ipomoea aquatica tissues.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.