Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan dan osteometri serta untuk mengetahui titik osteometri tulang sayap ayam broiler strain Lohmann. Pengukuran tulang sayap dilakukan dengan mengukur panjang, lebar, keliling dan barat tulang dengan menggunakan jangka sorong dengan ketelitian 0,05 mm. Hasil penelitian pola pertumbuhan ayam broiler strain Lohmann tulang sayap pada umur 7, 21 dan 35 hari, diperoleh hasil yang signifikan (p<0.05) terhadap nilai rata-rata panjang, lebar (proximal, corpus dan distal), keliling (proximal, corpus dan distal) dan berat pada os scapula, os coracoid dan os clavicula dan tulang-tulang alat penyusun gerak bebas yang terdiri dari os humerus, os radius, os ulna, os metacarpal I, os metacarpal II, os metacarpal III, ossa digiti I, ossa digiti II dexter phalang I dan Phalang II, ossa digiti II sinister Phalang I dan Phalang II serta os digiti III. Data di analisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) selanjutnya diuji menggunakan uji Post Hoc Duncan. Ayam broiler strain Lohmann memiliki titik pertumbuhan maksimum saat berumur 21 hari yang ditunjukkan dengan terlihat ada titik optimal dan di lanjutkan dengan pertumbuhan yang melambat. Pada titik ini memicu pembentukan daging pada ayam broiler strain Lohmann sebelum ayam mencapai batas pertumbuhan.
Patterns of growth can be determined one of them through quantitative measurements, namely osteometry. The aim of this study was to determine the growth of patterns of Lohmann broiler chickens based on hindlimb osteometry at the age of 7, 21 and 35 days. This study used 30 Lohmann broiler chickens aged 7, 21 and 35 days. Osteometry techniques are performed on all the bones of hindlimb with variable Greatest length (GL), Breadth of the proximal end (Bp), Breadth of the distal end (Dd), Minimum breadth of diaphysis (Sd), Circular of the proximal end (Cp), Circular of corpus (Cc), and Circular of distal end (Cd). The data obtained is recorded in units of centimeters (cm). Data of body weight and weight of each bone are also recorded in grams (g). Data were analyzed by ANOVA test, if the result obtained with a significance of 5% then the test continued with Pos Hoc Duncan. The results showed that from 6 osteometry variables, body weight, and bone mass obtained significant differences (p<0.05). The fastest growth rate is reached when Lohmann broiler chickens are 21 days old.
Tor douronensis and Tor soro were two of the four species of the Tor genus that live in Indonesian waters. However, studies related to the skeleton of these two fish are still rarely disclosed. The aim of this study compared the morphology of the caudal-fin (pinna caudalis) T. douronensis and T. soro. The research stages include sample preparation, making skeleton preparations, image analysis, and identification of skeleton terminology. T. douronensis fish were collected from the waters of the Pagar Alam area, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra, while T. soro was collected from the waters of Bukit Lawang, Bohorok District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The caudal-fin (pinna caudalis) is part of the ossa urostylus which produces optimal hydrodynamic propulsion. The caudal-fin (pinna caudalis) Genus Tor is part of the ossa urostylus which is composed of 31 caudal-fin rays (pinnae), six hypural bones, parhypural, pleurostylus, epural, and uroneuralis. The ventral part of T. douronensis and T. soro is composed of the parhypural, and the 1st and 2nd hypural bones. T. douronensis had a parhypural bone that was more prominent and separates from the spina hemalis compared to T. soro. The dorsal part was composed of the 3rd hypural bones to 6th hypural, in T. soro the hypural bone was fused with cartilage. Os pleurostylus T. douronensis had a more prominent shape than T. soro and there was enlargement in the posterior part. The 3rd and 4th hypural bones on T. soro had the largest size. The T. soro had three spina neuralis and three spina hemalis to support the rays of the tail. The bones that composed the caudal-fin of T. douronensis and T. soro were relatively similar to those of some fish from the family Cyprinidae. The results of this study could be used as an alternative to identify T. douronensis and T. soro from the skeleton.
Sex determination in the neonatal phase is difficult because gonadal dimorphism is found in turtle hatchlings. This study aimed to confirm gonad dimorphism in olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) using morphometric and histological studies. Samples were collected from Boom Beach, Banyuwangi in turtle nests based on the number of nests, densities and habits. The dead turtle hatchlings were collected and dissected for gonad determination. We observed the morphometry of the gonad shape and size. We used H&E staining for both sexes to determine differences in the histological structure of the gonads. All data are expressed in means ± SD then analyzed using two-sample t-test (p<0.05) for significant statistical analysis. The gonads were found in the dorsal part of the body cavity, posterior to the lungs, the ventral base of the kidneys, and the walls of the peritoneum. Gonadal cortex thickness, lumen diameter of the paramesonephric duct and germinal epithelium were significantly greater in females than males. In conclusion, there were significant differences in gonads morphometry. We revealed that the structure of the gonadal cortex, the diameter of the lumen of the paramesonephric duct and the germinal epithelium can determine the sex of olive ridley turtle hatchlings.
Aims:This research aimed to identify the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profile and changes of post-warming embryo after being frozen with vitrification method using microsatellite method.Materials and Methods:This research examined the mouse embryo blastocysts that were divided into four groups: Post-warming living blastocyst, post-warming living blastocyst with half fragmented cell, post-warming dead blastocyst, and pre-freezing living blastocyst. The isolation sample applied phenol-chloroform method. After obtaining polymerase chain reaction results, all the samples of pre-freezing fresh embryo, post-warming living embryo, dead embryo, and degenerated embryo were then examined by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP).Results:The amplification with D18mit14 primer was 100 bp and 150bp with D18mit87 primer, 150bp with D7mit22, and 300bp with D7mit25. The result of SSCP with D18mit14 primer showed that the blastocysts were fragmented and dead after warming process and formed into two DNA strand fragments, while the fresh embryos which passed freezing process did not form any fragment. D18mit87 primer SSCP indicated different fragments for each treatment. The result of SSCP using D7mit22 formed two different fragments for each treatment. While using D7mit25, the SSCP result formed some different fragments for each sample. Post-warming living embryo had similar ribbon to pre-freezing fresh embryo.Conclusion:D7mit222, D7mit25, and D18mit87 primers could be used as the aneuploidy marker on mouse embryos that were induced by post-warming process. The profile of living blastocyst, dead blastocyst, and post-warming fragmented blastocyst had different DNA tapes.
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