Tawuran merupakan salah satu fenomena yang banyak terjadi di kalangan remaja. Menurut Gunarsa (2004) karakteristik masa remaja adalah keadaan emosi yang labil, membentuk kegiatan secara berkelompok dan keinginan untuk menjelajahi lingkungan Pada masa remaja ini, remaja seolah lepas dari peran orangtua dan lebih mandiri dalam melakukan keputusan sendiri. Orangtua sebagai bagian dalam kehidupan remaja memiliki peranan tertentu, salah satunya diwujudkan dalam bentuk pola asuh. Baumrind (1991) mengembangkan empat tipe pola asuh yang menggambarkan bagaimana orangtua dapat mengkombinasikan pengasuhan anak dan batas aturan dalam keluarga yaitu: authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, dan indulgent. Setiap pola asuh dapat menghasilkan karakteristik yang berbeda-beda pada masing-masing anak (Sari, 2007). Penerapan pola asuh yang tepat, tidak akan membawa perkembangan yang buruk bagi anak. Perilaku tawuran merupakan suatu perilaku yang menyimpang dan cenderung dilakukan secara berkelompok. Karena dilakukan secara berkelompok, maka perilaku ini dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas hidup ditinjau dari pola asuh orangtua pada siswa pelaku tawuran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 309 subyek penelitian yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan kualitas hidup ditinjau dari pola asuh ayah maupun ibu pada siswa pelaku tawuran, dengan nilai p<0,05 dimana p value sebesar 0,000. Kata Kunci: tawuran, pola asuh, kualitas hidup
<p class="8AbstrakBahasaIndonesia">Seks pranikah pada remaja merupakan suatu fenomena yang semakin marak terjadi. Keluarga khususnya orangtua ikut berperan dalam upaya mencegah hubungan seksual pranikah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran fungsi keluarga dalam upaya mencegah perilaku Seks Pranikah Remaja di Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kausal kompartif. Subyek yang digunakan adalah siswa/siswi dari SMA dan SMK swasta X yang ada di kota Palembang. Jumlah subyek yang digunakan adalah 144 orang, subyek dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Pada penelitian ini, alat ukur yang digunakan ada dua yaitu fungsi keluarga dan perilaku seksual. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan uji regresi dengan menggunakan simple regression dan menunjukkan nilai F hitung sebesar 0,001 dengan nilai p sebesar 0,971 > 0,05, artinya tidak terdapat peranan fungsi keluarga terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah remaja. Dengan demikian dapat sarankan agar diteliti lebih lanjut mengenai faktor lain yang berperan terhadap perilaku seksual yang dilakukan oleh remaja. </p>
BACKGROUND: Stunting is a condition where the body height is shorter than normal, unproportioned to the child age, caused by lack of nutrition and/or caused by repeated disease in a long time period since the development of fetus until the first two years of life. The University of Alabama at Birmingham Health System states that Calcium, Phosphorus, vitamin C and vitamin D intake are extremely important so that lack of those nutrient can prohibit body growth and tooth development and eruption. Tuah Negri Sub-district at Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia is one of sub-district in Indonesia with high prevalence of stunting event. AIM: This research was performed to proof that there is an association between stunting and tooth eruption of primary school children at Tuah Negeri Sub-district, Musi Rawas District, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia. METHODS: The research employed a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional analytical survey method. Nutritional status was examined anthropometrically to identify stunting event. Tooth examination was performed among 94 students of 5 purposively selective primary schools based on their high prevalence of stunting cases. The results were then put into the odontogram. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that there were 31 children with stunting (33.0%), which is higher than the national data, and 21 of those with the stunting (67.7%) were identified as having delayed tooth eruption. Statistical examination using chi-squared test showed that the proportion of children with delayed tooth eruption was significantly higher among children with stunting compared to those without stunting, with p-value 0.034 and odds ratio (OR) 2.63 (95% C.I. = 1.7 – 6.5). CONCLUSION: There is an association between stunting and tooth eruption of primary school children at Tuah Negeri Sub-district, Musi Rawas District, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Children with stunting have 2.63 times higher possibility to experience delayed tooth eruption compared with those without stunting
BACKGROUND: Children in rural areas are susceptible to zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency in children can affect cognitive function in children. Zinc plays a role in cellular function and critical brain growth processes, including cell replication, DNA and RNA synthesis, and the release of neurotransmitters. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the condition of zinc deficiency and its relationship with the level of intelligence in children in rural areas. METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional, with a sample of 44 elementary school children aged 9–12 years taken randomly. Blood was drawn to measure serum Zn-levels, and serum Zn-levels were measured using Colorimetric Assay Kit (E-BC-K137). Zinc intake data were obtained from the food recall form, which was carried out 3 × 24 h. The level of intelligence is measured by the Culture Fair Intelligence Test method. The sample characteristics data obtained through a questionnaire. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: About 84.2% of children with insufficient zinc intake had low serum Zn-levels. There was a significant relationship between zinc intake and serum zinc levels (p = 0.026; PR = 4.293). Children with low serum zinc levels of 96.5% have intelligence levels below average. There was a significant relationship between serum zinc levels and intelligence level as well (p = 0.001; PR = 24,500). CONCLUSION: Zinc deficiency in children is characterized by low serum Zn-levels. Low serum Zn-level is caused by low zinc intake, thus children with low serum Zn-levels are at risk of having intelligence level below average. Therefore, health education about the importance of zinc intake in children should be given to parents, so that the incidence of zinc deficiency in children can be reduced.
Children living in rural areas are prone to nutritional deficiencies. Low-income levels impact people’s purchasing power so that the intake of most nutrients comes from plant-based foods and consumes less animal food. Nutritional intake greatly affects the development of children’s cognitive function. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a group of neurotrophins that contribute greatly to the learning process and memory. This study aims to analyze the relationship between levels of BDNF with the level of intelligence in elementary school children in rural areas of Seluma Regency. This was a cross-sectional study involving 70 elementary school children aged 9-12 years were taken by multi-stage random sampling, who came from 5 districts of Seluma Regency. Blood was collected for measurement of BDNF levels, and stool samples were examined to detect intestinal parasites. The data on respondent characteristics were derived from questionnaires. Data analysis were done by using the chi-square test. The results of BDNF measurements found 31 children (44.3%) had BDNF levels below the average (<3342.95ng / mL). The results of measuring intelligence level found that 54 children (77.1%) had a level of intelligence below the average. Chi-Square test results obtained p = 0.012 with a PR value of 7.538. There was a significant association between the BDNF level and intelligence level in elementary school students in the rural area. Elementary school children in rural areas with BDNF levels below the average risk of 7.538 times have below-average intelligence levels.
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