Purpose: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the allergic diseases that initiated by T helper lymphocyte (Th)2 immune response and mediators are main reason of clinical symptoms. In the genetically predisposed AR patients, environmental factors are main triggers of allergic reactions. Therefore, effects of climate conditions (warm, cold, humid and dry) on allergic rhinitis were evaluated.Methods: AR model was produced in mice under the four different conditions. Then, Clinical symptoms (sneezing and nasal rubbing), total immunoglobulin (Ig)E, histamine, interleukin (IL)-4 leukotriene (LT)B4, LTC4 levels and gene expression of CysLT1R, HRH1, and MUC5a were studied.Results: Nasal rubbing, histamine level, expression of MUC5a and HRH1 genes in the AR-C, sneezing in the AR-D, LTB4 and LTC4 levels and expression of CysLT1R gene in the AR-W groups were significantly (P<0.05) increased compared to the AR group. The levels of total IgE and IL-4 had no significant changes (P>0.05). Conclusions: Air temperature and humidity had effect on AR pathophysiology and, weather conditions can be an important factor in control of AR.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease induced by the T helper 2 (TH2) lymphocyte immune response, where its mediators are the primary cause of clinical symptoms. Environmental factors are the primary determinants of the allergic response in genetically susceptible individuals. This study investigates the effects of climate conditions (warm, cold, humid, and dry) on allergic rhinitis. AR models were created in mice under 4 different conditions. We investigated AR-related behavior (sneezing and nose rubbing), as well as total immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, interleukin-4 (IL-4), leukotriene (LT) B4 and LTC4 levels, and gene expression of CysLT1R, HRH1, and MUC5a. Nose rubbing, histamine levels, and the expression of MUC5a and HRH1 were increased in AR models in cold conditions, and sneezing was increased in AR models kept in dry conditions. LTB4 and LTC4 levels and the expression of CysLT1R in AR models kept in a wet environment also significantly increased compared with the control group. The levels of total IgE and IL-4 showed no significant changes. Air temperature and humidity affect AR pathophysiology, and weather conditions can be essential in controlling AR.
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