Objectives:To evaluate and compare anterior segment changes in patients taking alpha-1 (α1) blockers (tamsulosin, terazosin, doxazosin, alfuzosin) for benign prostatic hypertrophy, during drug intake and drug-free period, using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).Materials and Methods:In this prospective study, UBM was done before and after pupil dilatation in 31 phakic eyes of 19 male patients taking α1-blockers. Undilated and dilated UBM was repeated before cataract extraction, after stopping the drug for 10 days. On ideal images, pupil diameter (PD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and angle opening distances at points 500 µm and 250 µm from the scleral spur (AOD500 and AOD250) values were noted and changes in parameters were evaluated to reveal any changes that occurred after discontinuing the drug. No patient in the study was previously or currently using any other α1-adrenergic antagonist medication. Exclusion criteria for all patients included a history of diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, chronic use of medicated eye drops, and previous ocular surgery.Results:PD, ACD, ACA, AOD500 and AOD250 values measured before pupil dilatation in the drug-free period were not significantly different from those measured during α-blocker intake (p>0.05). In dilated eyes, the mean value of AOD500 was 0.35±0.08 mm during drug usage and 0.39±0.08 mm in the drug-free period. The mean value of AOD250 was 0.23±0.06 mm during drug usage and 0.26±0.07 mm after discontinuation. These increments were statistically significant (p<0.05, z=-3.699, z=-2.984). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in ACD, ACA, or PD values in dilated eyes after discontinuing α1-blockers (p>0.05).Conclusion:The interruption of taking α1-blockers in patients who have benign prostatic hypertrophy does not seem to influence anterior segment parameters generally. However, further investigation is needed.
Objectives:We consider the difference between estimated fetal weight and birth weight through the measurement according to the seniority of the residents in obstetrics and gynecology. In this study, we aimed to determine the fallibility of the residents according to their seniority years. Methods: This research was planned as a prospective and approved by the Ethics Committee Ultrasonographic measurements were performed with ultrasound device and the estimated fetal weight was calculated with Hadlock 4 (BPD, HC, AC, FL) formula. Measurements were performed by the residents in the first, second, third and fourth year of training and repeated by the same specialist for each patient. Only those who gave birth within 48 hours of the ultrasonographic measurements were included in the study. Results: A total of 392 pregnant women were included in the study. Ninety-eight pregnant women were examined by 1st year resident, 100 pregnant by 2nd year resident, 93 pregnant by 3rd year resident and 101 pregnant by 4th resident. Largest difference between the estimated fetal weight and birth weight was performed by the fourth year resident with 125.06 ± 247.40 grams. Conclusions: The estimated fetal weight by ultrasonography has an important place in obstetric practice and it may vary according to the years of seniority of the resident. For this reason, ultrasonography should be used effectively and accurately during the training of the residents in the centers of education in obstetrics and gynecology and it is essential that the residents learn the ultrasound examination properly and completely. How to cite this article: Çift T, Temur M, Yıldızbakan M, Türker AÜ, Öztaş S, Acar Y, et al. Determination of error level of ultrasonographic fetal weight estimation according to the seniority of residents in obstetrics and gynecology. Eur Res J 2020;6(4):319-325.
Diabetik maküla ödemi (DMÖ) olan gözlerin tedavisinde farklı dozlarda uygulanan intravitreal triamsinolon asetonidin (İVTA) görme keskinliği, santral maküla kalınlığı (SMK), göz içi basıncı (GİB) ve yan etkiler açısından karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ge reç ve Yön tem: Diabetik maküla ödemi nedeniyle İVTA uygulanan 56 göz retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Yirmi sekiz göze 4 mg İVTA (grup 1), 28 göze 20 mg İVTA (grup 2) uygulandı. Enjeksiyon öncesi, enjeksiyon sonrası 6. aya kadar ayda bir kere ve 8. ayda, en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği (EİDGK), SMK ve GİB ölçüldü. Sonuçlar her iki grup arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Ortalama EİDGK enjeksiyon öncesine göre, grup 1 ve grup 2'de istatistiksel olarak artmış olarak saptandı (p<0,05). EİDGK'daki artışın grup 1'de 4. aya kadar devam etmesine karşın, grup 2'de 6. aya kadar devam ettiği görüldü. Ortalama SMK, enjeksiyon öncesine göre grup 1'de 4. aya, grup 2'de 5. aya kadar istatistiksel olarak incelmiş saptandı (p<0,05). Ortalama GİB'inde iki grupta da bazal değere göre istatistiksel olarak artış görüldü (p<0,05). GİB artışının 5. aya kadar devam ettiği, 6. ayda ise bazal değerlere döndüğü saptandı. Sonuç: Yüksek doz İVTA ile, EİDGK'daki artışın ve SMK'daki azalmanın daha uzun sürdüğü görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte DMÖ tedavisi için İVTA dozlarının belirlenmesi açısından, daha büyük hasta gruplarından oluşan ve daha uzun takip sürelerinin yapıldığı prospektif çalışmalar yapılmasında yarar vardır. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2015; 45: 18-24) Anah tar Ke li me ler: Diabetik maküla ödemi, intravitreal triamsinolon asetonid, en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği, santral maküla kalınlığı, göz içi basıncı Objectives: To compare the intravitreal injections of 4 mg/0.1mL and 20 mg/0.1 mL triamcinolone acetonide with respect to efficacy and side effects in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Ma te ri als and Met hods: A total of 56 pseudophakic eyes of 56 patients with the diagnosis of DME were evaluated retrospectively. Twenty-eight eyes were randomly injected with 4 mg of intravitreal triamcinolone (IVTA) (group 1), while 28 eyes were applied 20 mg IVTA (group 2). The patients were evaluated before the injection and were followed up monthly for 6 months and in the 8 th month afterwards. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and complication rates were determined and compared between the two groups. Re sults: When compared in terms of BCVA, there was a statistically significant increase in both groups (p<0.05). This increase lasted for 4 months in group 1, whereas it lasted for 6 months in group 2. Mean CMT decreased till the 4 th month in group 1, while it lasted till the 5 th month in group 2, and these findings were statistically significantly different (p<0.05). There was significant IOP spikes in both groups (p<0.05). Increase in IOP was observed till the 5 th month, but a return to baseline values was determined in the 6 th month. Conclusion: High-dose IVTA injections seem to have longer efficacy...
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