PurposeThe aim of the study reported here was to assess choroidal thickness (CT) and central macular thickness (CMT) in patients with diabetic retinopathy.Materials and methodsA total of 151 eyes from 80 patients from the retina department of Istanbul Training and Research Hospital who had type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy were studied retrospectively in this cross-sectional research. Patients were divided into three groups: mild–moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy without macular edema (NPDR), mild–moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema (DME), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). In addition, 40 eyes of 20 healthy individuals comprised a control group. Choroidal thickness was measured from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid/sclera junction at 500-μm intervals up to 1,500 μm temporal and nasal to the fovea. The CMT measurement was obtained for each eye. Serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were measured.ResultsThe study included 191 eyes, comprising 151 eyes of 80 patients and 40 eyes of 20 healthy individuals. Of the 151 patient eyes, 61 had NPDR, 62 had PDR, and 28 eyes had DME. There was no statistically significant difference in age between the groups (P>0.05). In both the PDR and DME groups, the CT was statistically significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.001, P<0.001 for the PDR and DME groups, respectively). The mean CMT in the DME group was increased significantly compared with both the NPDR and PDR groups (P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). In all three groups, serum HbA1c levels were found to be increased significantly compared with the control group (P=0.000). We found a statistically weak–moderate negative correlation between central macular and foveal CT (r=−289, P=0.000). There was a statistically strong correlation between CMT and HbA1c levels (r=0.577, P=0.483) and a statistically weak–moderate negative correlation between the central CT and HbA1c levels (r=−0.331, P<0.001).ConclusionDiabetes changes the CT. CT was found to be significantly decreased in the DME and PDR groups.

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Purpose Our study evaluated macular and optic disc vascular density (VD) changes in patients diagnosed with keratoconus, as compared with gender and age-matched healthy controls, in relation to the keratoconus stage. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study included adult patients who received a diagnosis of keratoconus at the Cornea Clinic. All scans consisted of two 4.5 mm × 4.5 mm images of the optic disc area and 6 × 6 mm images of the macular area using optical coherence tomography angiography. Results The study included 67 patients (26 women (38.8%) and 41 men (61.2%)) and 74 controls (31 women (41.9%) and 43 men (58.1%)). The mean ages of the keratoconus group and the control group were 30.0 ± 8.0 and 31.1 ± 7.5, respectively. Macular VD (whole, superficial, and deep) and peripapillary VD (whole) values were decreased statistically significant compared with the control group ( p < 0.01 and p = 0.015, respectively). The keratoconus stage was negatively correlated with both the macular VD ( p = 0.048, r = −0.314) and whole-peripapillary VD values ( p = 0.03, r = −0.34). Conclusion Keratoconus might affect the posterior and anterior segments due to similar etiologies, including diminished collagen quality. Therefore, examination of the posterior segment should be performed thoroughly in keratoconus patients.

The goal of this study was to compare measurements of values such as the anterior chamber angle (ACA), thickness of the iris, thickness of the cornea, and the angle-opening distance (AOD) of eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma before and after undergoing phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: The data of 49 eyes of 39 glaucoma patients who presented at the Cataract and

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PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between visual outcomes and the determinants detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM) and/or taut posterior hyaloid (TPH) that underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).Materials and methodsA total of 30 participants with diabetic ERM and TPH were included in the study. All study participants underwent PPV. Preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macular RNFL, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, and ganglion cell complex thicknesses were measured in each participant. Linear regression analyses were performed to determine the association between the OCT parameters and the visual acuity measured at the time of the OCT measurement.ResultsThe postoperative BCVA logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) values were statistically higher than the preoperative values in the ERM group and TPH group (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). The postoperative BCVA logMAR value was negatively correlated with average RNFL, inferior RNFL thicknesses, and image quality (P=0.002, P=0.004, and P=0.006, respectively). The preoperative and postoperative BCVA logMAR value difference was not correlated with age and all of the OCT parameters measured (P>0.05).ConclusionThis study shows that achievement of better peripapillary RNFL thickness results in better visual outcome after PPV and ERM/TPH removal.

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab injection in the treatment of macular thickness and reduced visual acuity in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we evaluated 15 eyes of 15 consecutive patients diagnosed with branch retinal vein occlusion between May 2008 and June 2011 at our institution. Detailed ophthalmologic examination, optical coherence tomography, and/or fundus fluorescein angiography was performed at diagnosis and during follow-up. A 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab injection was administered to all patients on average 2.73 (1–7) times. Visual acuity and macular thickness were evaluated before and after treatment.ResultsEleven patients were female (73.3%) and four were male (26.6%). The mean patient age was 62.6 years. The patients were followed for a mean of 11.4 (range 4–24) months. Mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.92 ± 0.52 logMAR (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) before treatment and 0.66 ± 0.42 logMAR at the last examination. The increase in visual acuity was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.031). Mean macular thickness was 395.46 ± 106.55 μm before treatment and 302.26 ± 84.6 μm after the final treatment. The decrease in macular thickness was statistically significant (P < 0.001).ConclusionIntravitreal bevacizumab injection was effective for treatment of retinal vein branch occlusion.