This study reexamined the mechanisms for oxidative organic degradation by the binary mixture of periodate and H2O2 (PI/H2O2) that was recently identified as a new advanced oxidation process. Our findings conflicted with the previous claims that (i) hydroxyl radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) contributed as the primary oxidants, and (ii) •OH production resulted from H2O2 reduction by superoxide radical anion (O2 •–). PI/H2O2 exhibited substantial oxidizing capacity at pH < 5, decomposing organics predominantly by •OH. The likelihood of a switch in the major oxidant under varying pH conditions was revealed. IO4 – as the major PI form under acidic conditions underwent one-electron reduction by H2O2 to yield radical intermediates, whereas H2I2O10 4– preferentially occurring at pH > 7 caused 1O2 generation through two-electron oxidation of H2O2. PI reduction by O2 •– was suggested to be a key reaction in •OH production, on the basis of the electron paramagnetic resonance detection of methyl radicals in the dimethyl sulfoxide solutions containing PI and KO2, and the absence of deuterated and 18O-labeled hydroxylated intermediates during PI activation using D2O and H2 18O2. Finally, simple oxyanion mixing subsequent to electrochemical PI and H2O2 production achieved organic oxidation, enabling a potential strategy to minimize the use of chemicals.

Studies suggest that time-restricted feeding (TRF) may prevent obesity and its commodities. At present, little is known about how TRF impacts immune cells, and whether such an effect is linked to altered metabolic parameters under condition of a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. To address these issues, we conducted a study in which we determined whether TRF has therapeutic efficacy against weight gain, adiposity, as well as associated immune cell disturbance found in obese mice. Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD ad libitum for six weeks, after which time a subgroup of HFD mice was switched to the 10 h TRF paradigm (HFD-TRF) for additional eight weeks. We found that TRF intervention reduced HFD-induced weight gain. Even with comparable fat mass and mean adipocyte area, the HFD-TRF group had lower mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokine Tnfα and chemokine Ccl8, along with reduced numbers of adipose tissue macrophages (ATM), CD11c+ ATM, and CD8+ T cell compared to the HFD group, while maintaining CD8+ to CD4+ ratio at levels similar to those in the LFD group. Furthermore, TRF intervention was effective in improving glucose tolerance and reducing HOMA-IR. Taken together, our findings suggest that TRF restores the obesity-induced alteration in immune cell composition, and this effect may in part contribute to health benefits (including insulin sensitivity) of practicing TRF.

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This paper presents our investigation and experimental validation of a thermally reconfigurable shape memory alloy (SMA)-based metamaterial with the offered degree of freedom of SMA mechanical features. The metamaterial unit cell consists of a two-way helical SMA acting as the resonator element and a cartridge heater for controlling the excitation temperature of the helical SMA. Experimental results of electrical control of the cartridge heater's excitation temperature show that as the temperature increases from room temperature (25°C) to approximately 92°C-corresponding to input DC voltages of 0 and 4 V, respectivelythe metamaterial structure acts as a switchable absorber with an absorptivity of 97.2% and a reflector with a reflectivity of 89.4% at 7.13 GHz. Additionally, it deforms to its initial state as the temperature decreases to room temperature.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has emerged as a promising dietary approach in improving metabolic parameters associated with obesity, but its effect on immune cells under obesogenic condition is poorly understood. We conducted this study to determine whether TRF exerts its therapeutic benefit over obesity-induced myeloid cell production by analyzing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in bone marrow (BM) and immune cell profile in circulation. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) ad libitum for 6 weeks and later a subgroup of HFD mice was switched to a daily 10 h-TRF schedule for another 6 weeks. Mice on HFD ad libitum for 12 weeks had prominent monocytosis and neutrophilia, associated with expansion of BM myeloid progenitors, such as multipotent progenitors, pre-granulocyte/macrophage progenitors, and granulocyte/macrophage progenitors. TRF intervention in overweight and obese mice diminished these changes to a level similar to those seen in mice fed LFD. While having no effect on BM progenitor cell proliferation, TRF reduced expression of Cebpa, a transcription factor required for myeloid differentiation. These results indicate that TRF intervention may help maintain immune cell homeostasis in BM and circulation during obesity, which may in part contribute to health benefits associated with TRF.

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N‐Benzoyl‐L‐threonine‐isopropyl‐ester‐mediated crystallization‐induced dynamic resolution (CIDR) of configurationally labile α‐bromo arylacetates has been investigated. The CIDR was successfully used for the asymmetric preparation of these compounds with up to 98:2 dr, under solution and solvent‐free conditions. Subsequent nucleophilic substitution reactions with sulfur and oxygen nulceophiles gave α‐thio and α‐oxy arylacetates with up to 98:2 dr. The method was further developed for the preparation of highly enantioenriched 2‐phenylthio‐2‐arylethanols with up to 97:3 er, and 1,4‐benzoxazin‐3‐ones with up to 94:6 er.