The Object of the Study.Indigent families with childrenThe Subject of the Study.Addressed social supportThe Purpose of the Study.Development of tools to strengthen addressed social support.The Main Provisions of the Article. Among the poor, whose per capita income is below the subsistence level, families with children predominate. Taking social support measures requires the addressed use of budgetary funds and strengthening it. The achievement of these goals involves the use of appropriate social policy tools, the absence of which significantly reduces the effectiveness of social support measures. A Pilot project under grant of the President of the Russian Federation for the development of civil society is aimed at solving this problem.The implementation of the Project in the Vologda Oblast’ as a pilot region made it possible to carry out a full range of experimental work from analyzing of the depth and causes of poverty in each specific family of the target group to providing with addressed social support on the basis of specially developed tools to strengthen it. The system of threshold criteria developed with the use of social standards of consumption and taking into account the effect of savings on consumption in cohabitation, formed the criterion basis for ensuring and strengthening addressed social supporting indigent families with children. The following tools were used at different stages of the Project implementation: the subsistence minimum of the main socio-demographic groups of the population, the equivalence scale, the equivalent differentiated subsistence minimum of families with children with the effect of saving on consumption and its components, a guaranteed minimum income.Scientifically grounded threshold levels are an important component of the mechanism for improving the economic situation of indigent families with children up to the level of the guaranteed minimum income, providing with the resources potential of the region and taking into account the assessment of the underutilized economic potential of these families and the conditions for their more active gaining additional income from employment.Receiving practical approval of the tools developed during the Project has demonstrated their effectiveness in strengthening the social support for indigent families with children
The Object of the Study. Russian citizens. The Subject of the Study. Socioeconomic relations that lead to absolute monetary and non-monetary poverty and high socioeconomic inequality. The Purpose of the Study. Justification of the relevance and approaches to the development of a national Programme to increase real monetary income, reduce poverty and excessive inequality. The Main Theoretical and Empirical Provisions of the Article include a description of the following areas of poverty and socioeconomic inequality in Russia: 1) in monetary income and capital (wealth); 2) in current consumption of goods; 3) in the sectoral aspect; 4) in the provision of comfortable housing and access to social services; 5) in the spatial aspect; 6) in the level and quality of life of urban and rural populations; 7) in age groups; 8) in the use of digital technologies. The estimation of real monetary income, poverty and inequality was carried out based on official social standards and indicators and those developed by the authors. The excessiveness of inequality in Russia is argued. The tools for increasing real monetary incomes, reducing poverty and excessive inequality are substantiated in the framework of the author's proposals to the development of the draft national Programme "Increasing the Population's Income, Reducing Poverty and Inequality". Proposals, stages and deadlines for the implementation of this Programme have been developed, as well as its possible indicators, resource and regulatory support. In the new situation the sensitivity of society to the problems caused by poverty and high inequality is significantly aggravated, which, according to the authors, makes the need to develop a national Programme non-alternative.
The article is devoted to the study of the possible impact of the introduction of universal basic income on improving the standards of living and quality of life and sustainability of societies. The theoretical part of the article reveals the problems that require further study of the category of " universal basic income" (UBI), such as its relationship with the transformation of the state and society, labour and employment, the standards of living and quality of life; the reasons for the introduction and tasks that are solved with the use of UBI, contradictions and limitations of this tool of political, economic and social reforms. In the practical part of the article on the basis of systematization of the most important experiments on the introduction of UBI the conclusion of the transitional forms of its experimental implementation is made: the conditionality (for the target categories of citizens), not the unconditionality of payments, limited period of payment, small size, commensurate with the national subsistence minimum. All this does not allow us to consider this payment as a basic one with all its local impact on the transformation of social systems in the countries concerned. The conclusion is made about the embryonic practical application of UBI elements in Rossiya. A number of recommendations for additions to the testing elements of the universal basic income in our country have been elaborated: to increase per capita income after the provision of targeted social support to low-income sections of the population; to select the trajectories of employment for registered unemployed persons; to reduce the time transitions of graduates from educational institutions to stable or satisfactory employment; and to increase the level of security for the employed with a wide range of characteristics of precarity of employment. The Object of the Study is country societies and their separate regional and social groups.The Subject of the Study is the transformation of employment, social protection and sustainability of societies in connection with the introduction of elements of universal basic income.The Purpose of the Study is identifying hypothetical possibilities of influence on the improvement of the standards of living and quality of life and sustainability of societies by the introduction of universal basic income and analysing the results of testing its transitional forms.
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