The article argues for a proposal for such a step in the direction of strengthening social support for the least protected groups of the Russian population and the development of the entire system of social state guarantees as a whole, as the introduction of a socially acceptable consumer basket instead of a consumer basket of the subsistence minimum. The advantages of the normative method of forming consumer baskets over the normative-statistical method are revealed. Based on the analysis of actual consumption of both food and non-food products and services, the qualitative and quantitative structure of the socially acceptable consumer basket is determined (using natural and value indicators).
The Object of the Study.Indigent families with childrenThe Subject of the Study.Addressed social supportThe Purpose of the Study.Development of tools to strengthen addressed social support.The Main Provisions of the Article. Among the poor, whose per capita income is below the subsistence level, families with children predominate. Taking social support measures requires the addressed use of budgetary funds and strengthening it. The achievement of these goals involves the use of appropriate social policy tools, the absence of which significantly reduces the effectiveness of social support measures. A Pilot project under grant of the President of the Russian Federation for the development of civil society is aimed at solving this problem.The implementation of the Project in the Vologda Oblast’ as a pilot region made it possible to carry out a full range of experimental work from analyzing of the depth and causes of poverty in each specific family of the target group to providing with addressed social support on the basis of specially developed tools to strengthen it. The system of threshold criteria developed with the use of social standards of consumption and taking into account the effect of savings on consumption in cohabitation, formed the criterion basis for ensuring and strengthening addressed social supporting indigent families with children. The following tools were used at different stages of the Project implementation: the subsistence minimum of the main socio-demographic groups of the population, the equivalence scale, the equivalent differentiated subsistence minimum of families with children with the effect of saving on consumption and its components, a guaranteed minimum income.Scientifically grounded threshold levels are an important component of the mechanism for improving the economic situation of indigent families with children up to the level of the guaranteed minimum income, providing with the resources potential of the region and taking into account the assessment of the underutilized economic potential of these families and the conditions for their more active gaining additional income from employment.Receiving practical approval of the tools developed during the Project has demonstrated their effectiveness in strengthening the social support for indigent families with children
The article examines the most important social consequences of the 30-year capitalist transformations in Russia. The authors carried out the periodization of the stages of transformations. It is proposed to consider three heterogeneous stages: 1) 1991–1999 — liberal-oligarchic reforms; 2) 2000–2013 — strengthening of the state-capitalist orientation of reforms while preserving their liberal-capitalist foundations; 2014 — present — consolidation of state capitalism. Despite the significant differences between these stages, they are united by a decrease in the level and quality of life of the main segments of the population while maintaining high social inequality and separating the interests of the ruling "elites" from the needs of the majority of the country’s population. The results of 30 years of capitalist reforms are summarized in four areas: (1) the quality of employment; (2) standard of living; (3) housing provision; (4) demographic consequences. It is proved that for a long enough period of capitalist transformations, the social expectations of the majority of the population in improving the level and quality of life have not been justified. There are high levels of precarious employment and the unstable material situation of workers’ households; an increase in poverty in terms of income used for consumption and socio-economic inequality; excessive indebtedness of the population; chronic housing poverty and high gaps in housing provision; depressing demographic consequences of capitalist transformations. The general conclusion is made that the internal and external conditions of Russia’s development predetermine the need to change the course for the continuation of capitalist reform, in whatever forms it is carried out in the future. It depends on whether the future of the peoples of Russia will be successful.
Ключевые слова: качество и уровень жизни, классификация, межрегиональная дифференциация, нера-венство, показатель, регион, социальное неблагополучие
The article is devoted to understanding the results of 25 years Of monitoring of income and living standards of the population (hereinafter-Monitoring) in post-Soviet Russia. Monitoring began in 1995 in connection with the disorganization of the economy in the early 90's of the last century and the need to respond to the negative consequences of rapid growth in prices and tariffs and changes in consumer consumption, which have a pronounced regional specificity. The objects of Monitoring and its conceptual framework are presented. The article describes the main blocks of its indicators: generalizing, social standards, labour and employment, monetary income, social support, spending and consumption, socioeconomic differentiation, including a total of 79 indicators and indices, and shows the methodological basis for their calculations. The main attention is focused on the analysis of the values and dynamics of qualitative assessment indicators, which are a comparison of statistical primary and analytical values with criteria standards – social standards of current consumption and their monetary equivalent. These include the development of a system of consumer budgets for the population of different levels of material security: the subsistence minimum, the socially acceptable / minimum consumer budget, and consumer budgets of medium and high affluence. The article analyzes the values and dynamics of purchasing power of per capita monetary income, the social structure of the population by the level of material security, and interregional differentiation of income and living standards at key points in the period 1995-2019. The prospects for the development of Monitoring, which the article associated with the continuation of its unifying role in the study of the values and dynamics of indicators of income and standard of living, with profound economic and social differentiation of the population based on social standards, income, housing, quality of employment, etc., as well as testing new indicators to complement social data of the state statistics in the sensitive areas of revenue generation and standard of living, taking into account unstable (precarious) employment, digitalization of the economy, changes in the sources and structure of payments provided by social protection of the population.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.