Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in women and often accompanied by inflammatory processes.Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) playsavital role in the progression of BC,c orrelating with the expression of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1). Overexpression of PD-L1 contributes to the immune escape of cancer cells,a nd its blockade would stimulate anticancer immunity.T wo multispecific platinum(IV) complexes DNP and NP were prepared using non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug naproxen (NPX) as axial ligand(s) to inhibit the BC cells.D NP exhibited high cytotoxicity and antiinflammatory properties superior over NP, cisplatin and NPX;m oreover,i td isplayed potent antitumor activity and almost no general toxicity in mice bearing triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC). Mechanistic studies revealed that DNP could downregulate the expression of COX-2 and PD-L1 in vitro and vivo,inhibit the secretion of prostaglandin, reduce the expression of BC-associated protein BRD4 and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2), and block the oncogene c-Myc in BC cells.T hese findings demonstrate that DNP is capable of intervening in inflammatory,i mmune,a nd metastatic processes of BC,t hus presenting anew mechanism of action for anticancer platinum-(IV) complexes.T he multispecificity offers as pecial superiority for DNP to treat TNBC by combining chemotherapyand immunotherapyi none molecule.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in women and often accompanied by inflammatory processes.Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) playsavital role in the progression of BC,c orrelating with the expression of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1). Overexpression of PD-L1 contributes to the immune escape of cancer cells,a nd its blockade would stimulate anticancer immunity.T wo multispecific platinum(IV) complexes DNP and NP were prepared using non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug naproxen (NPX) as axial ligand(s) to inhibit the BC cells.D NP exhibited high cytotoxicity and antiinflammatory properties superior over NP, cisplatin and NPX;m oreover,i td isplayed potent antitumor activity and almost no general toxicity in mice bearing triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC). Mechanistic studies revealed that DNP could downregulate the expression of COX-2 and PD-L1 in vitro and vivo,inhibit the secretion of prostaglandin, reduce the expression of BC-associated protein BRD4 and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2), and block the oncogene c-Myc in BC cells.T hese findings demonstrate that DNP is capable of intervening in inflammatory,i mmune,a nd metastatic processes of BC,t hus presenting anew mechanism of action for anticancer platinum-(IV) complexes.T he multispecificity offers as pecial superiority for DNP to treat TNBC by combining chemotherapyand immunotherapyi none molecule.

A platinum(iv) complex DCP acts as a chemoimmunotherapeutic agent and induces cancer cell death by damaging DNA, stimulating immunogenic response, and enhancing phagocytosis.

No abstract

Organelle-targeted type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows great potential to overcome the hypoxic microenvironment in solid tumors. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an indispensable organelle in cells with important biological functions. When the ER is damaged due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the accumulation of misfolded proteins will interfere with ER homeostasis, resulting in ER stress. Here, an ER-targeted benzophe-nothiazine-based photosensitizer NBS-ER was presented. ER targeting modification significantly reduced the dark toxicity and improved phototoxicity index (PI). NBS-ER could effectively produce O 2 À * with near-infrared irradiation, making its phototoxicity under hypoxia close to that under normoxia. Meanwhile, the photoinduced ROS triggered ER stress and induced apoptosis. In addition, NBS-ER possessed excellent photodynamic therapeutic effect in 4T1-tumor-bearing mice.