The medical records of 116 consecutive cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CHD) among 368 772 live births at the three maternity hospitals in Dublin were emined and the incidence of associated malformations and their impact on survival analysed. The patients were divided into two groups: group I included 64 (550/o) patients who died during resuscitation and stabilisation before surgery at a mean age of 11*2 hours and group II included 52 (450/o) patients who were operated upon. All patients in group I underwent detailed postmortem examination as did the 450/0 patients who died in group II. The mean (SD) gestational age for group I patients (36-1 (4.5) weeks) was significantly lower than the mean gestational age of group II patients (39.0 (2.4) weeks). Similarly, the mean birth weight of group I patients (2415 (906) g) was significantly lower than that of group II patients (3140 (563)

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