Arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with Hill-Sachs remplissage can restore shoulder stability without significant impairment of shoulder function in patients with engaging Hill-Sachs lesions.

therapeutic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

The relation, first written by Kolmogorov, between the third-order moment of the longitudinal velocity increment δu1 and the second-order moment of δu1 is presented in a slightly more general form relating the mean value of the product δu1(δui)2, where (δui)2 is the sum of the square of the three velocity increments, to the secondorder moment of δui. In this form, the relation is similar to that derived by Yaglom for the mean value of the product δu1(δuθ)2 where (δuθ)2 is the square of the temperature increment. Both equations reduce to a ‘four-thirds’ relation for inertialrange separations and differ only through the appearance of the molecular Prandtl number for very small separations. These results are confirmed by experiments in a turbulent wake, albeit at relatively small values of the turbulence Reynolds number.

Both procedures are effective for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation with marked glenoid bone loss. The open group had better position in the superior-inferior direction compared with the arthroscopic group. At 1 year after surgery, patients in the arthroscopic Latarjet group showed notably less graft resorption compared with patients in the open Latarjet group.

No abstract

Arthroscopic reduction and fixation of a bony Bankart lesion can achieve good results in selected cases. The size of the reconstructed glenoid is crucial to the success of the surgery.

No abstract

A total of 64 acute gastroenteritis outbreaks with 2,953 patients starting in December of 2016 and occurring mostly in the late spring of 2017 were reported in Jiangsu, China. A recombinant GII.P16-GII.2 norovirus variant was associated with 47 outbreaks (73.4%) for the gastroenteritis epidemic, predominantly occurring in February and March of 2017. Sequence analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and capsid protein of the viral isolates from these outbreaks confirmed that this GII.P16-GII.2 strain was the GII.P16-GII.2 variant with the intergenotypic recombination, identified in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and other cities in China in 2016. This GII.P16-GII.2 recombinant variant appeared to a re-emerging strain, firstly identified in 2011–2012 from Japan and USA but might be independently originated from other GII.P16-GII.2 variants for sporadic and outbreaks of gastroenteritis in Japan and China before 2016. Further identification of unique amino acid mutations in both VP1 and RdRp of NoV strain as shown in this report may provide insight in explaining its structural and antigenic changes, potentially critical for the variant recombinant to gain its predominance in causing regional and worldwide epidemics.