The objectives of this study are to determine the levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, ratio C / N, and the best composition of the addition of activators MOL banana weevil and EM4 from the composting. Growth and the first harvests of Setaria grass by fertilizing compost from composting results were also observed. The statistical method used is Complete Random Design (CRD), which consists of 6 treatments and 4 replications; namely: A1 = 25 ml MOL / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee Pulp), A2 = 30 ml MOL / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee Pulp), A3 = 35 ml MOL / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee Pulp), A4 = 25 ml EM4 / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee Pulp), A5 = 30 ml EM4 / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee Pulp), A6 = 35 ml EM4 / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee Pulp). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and a further test by HSD. The results showed that the addition of activators MOL banana weevil and EM4 in the composting process was highly significant (P <0.01) on P-total, K-total, the number of tillers first crop of Setaria grass, but the effect was not significant (P> 0.05) against N-total, C / N and heavy wet Setaria grass of first crop canopy. It was concluded that the addition of activators MOL banana weevil as much as 35 ml MOL / 5 kg of compost material (feces + coffee hull; A3) gives the best results on nutrient (P-total and K-total), number of tillers and wet weight of the canopy on Setaria grass (Setaria splendida Stapf).Key words: Activators, Compost, Grass Setaria (Setaria splendida Stapf). ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kadar Nitrogen, Posfor, Kalium, ratio C/N dan komposisi yang optimal dari penambahan aktivator MOL bonggol pisang dan EM4 hasil pengomposan. Kompos hasil penelitian diaplikasikan pada tanaman rumput setaria (Setaria splendida Stapf) dan dilakukan pengamatan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen pertama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangaan, yaitu : A1 = 25 ml MOL / 5 kg bahan kompos (feses +kulit kopi), A2 = 30 ml MOL / 5 kg bahan kompos (feses +kulit kopi), A3 = 35 ml MOL / 5 kg bahan kompos (feses +kulit kopi), A4 = 25 ml EM4 / 5 kg bahan kompos (feses +kulit kopi), A5 = 30 ml EM4 / 5 kg bahan kompos (feses +kulit kopi), A6 = 35 ml EM4 / 5 kg bahan kompos (feses +kulit kopi). komposisi kimia dari kompos serta pertumbuhan rumput setaria (Setaria splendida Stapf) juga diteliti dalam penelitian ini dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan, data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisa sidik ragam dan uji lanjut BNJ. Hasil penelitian dengan penambahan aktivator MOL bonggol pisang dan EM4 menunjukkan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap P-total, K-total, jumlah anakan panen pertama rumput setaria dan berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0.05) terhadap N-total, C/N dan berat basah tajuk panen pertama rumput setaria. Penambahan aktivator MOL bonggol pisang sebanyak 35 ml MOL /5 kg bahan kompos (feses + kulit kopi; A3) memberikan ha...

The research aim to determine the effect of extraction using various combination of pH alkaline-acid to protein and amino acid content of Lamtoro Protein Concentrate Leaf (LPCL). Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 5 replications. The Lamtoro Leaf Meal (LLM) (50 gram) was blended in NaOH (200 ml) for 15 menit and centrifuged to separate the supernatant from extracted LLM. The extracted LLM was re-extracted with buffer acetat pH 4,6 and sentrifuged again to separate supernantant from extracted LLM. Both supernatant from NaOH and buffera acetat pH 4,6 extraction were mixed and precipitated with buffer phospat until isoelectric point. The treatments were tested consisted of extracted with NaOH pH 8, NaOH pH 9 and NaOH pH 10. The parameters measured; isoelectric point at precipited, crude protein, total amino acid (TAA), total essential amino acid (TEAA) and individual amino acid. The results showed that the precipited obtained isoelectric point pH 7 was 2.66; 1.03 and 2.58 gram at the extraction treatments using NaOH at pH 8, 9 and 10, respectively. LPCL extracted using NaOH at pH 9 and 10 contained a high crude protein of 54.82 and 52.60% higher than the extraction using NaOH at pH 8 of 46.98%. The total amount of amino acid and essential amino acid (AAE) of LPCL were highest in treatment using NaOH at pH 10 of 26,58; 13.31 %, respectively. Combination extraction LLM using pH buffer 10 followed by re-extract using acetate buffer pH 4,6 contains crude protein and good essential amino acid, especially leucine. Conclution of the research that the combination extraction using NaOH at pH 10 and followed by re-extract using acetate buffer at pH 4.6 is the best treatment contain crude protein and essential amino acid at LPCL.

The present study aimed to estimate the metabolizable energy (ME) and protein (CP) requirements of Arabic chicken hens during the late egg production period reared under a semi-scavenging system with free-choice feeding. A total of 112 sixty-two-week-old Arabic chicken hens were used. The treatments were control and the choice diet consisted of 6 replicate pens. Control hens received a control diet (2750 kcal of ME/kg and 14.1% of CP) complying with the Hy-line Brown Commercial Management Guide 2011, whereas the choice hens offered control and three other diets (high energy-high protein [3006 and 17.3], high energy-low protein [3089 and 12.7], and low energy-high protein [2656 and 17.0] kcal of ME/kg and % of CP, respectively). Feed, ME, and CP intake, the concentration of dietary ME and CP, and egg production were recorded weekly. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS. The feeding method influenced feed intake, CP concentration, and ME concentration but had no significant effect on CP intake, ME intake, and egg production. Weekly feed intake of choice hens was lower than that of control hens (514.03 vs. 551.18 g /hen/week; P<0.03). Dietary concentrations of ME and CP in the choice hens were higher than those in the control hens (2957 vs. 2750 kcal of ME/kg; P<0.001 and 150.6 vs. 14.1 g of CP/kg; P<0.001). Egg production of the choice hens was not significantly higher than that of the control hens (51.17% vs. 46.82%; P>0.05). Feed intake, CP intake, and ME intake decreased significantly at week 66 onward, while egg production decreased at week 65 onward. It can be concluded that Arabic chicken hens in the late egg production period were able to adjust their energy and protein requirements by consuming more from high dietary energy than from a high dietary protein. Based on the choice feeding, ME and CP requirements for Arabic chicken hens during the late egg production period in the semi-scavenging system were 2957 kcal/kg and 151 g/kg and higher than ME and CP contain in the control diet of 2750 kcal/kg and 141 g/kg to maintain egg production. The egg mass and feed conversion ratio were better in the choice hens group.

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Polysaccharides contain mannan (PM) from palm kernel meal (PKM) potential as leader pathogen microorganism and enhancing the immune responses. The objective of the study was to evaluate efficacy of PM as oral adjuvant in increasing AI H5N1 antibody titer and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in serum of broiler thirty chickens age 1 - 6 weeks were divided onto five groups and assigned randomly to five vaccine treatments i.e : un-vaccinated birds (R0A), birds vaccinated with antigen H5N1 + 0 µg PM (R0B), birds vaccinated with antigen H5N1 + 50 µg PM (R1), birds vaccinated with antigen H5N1 + 100 µg PM (R2) and  birds vaccinated with antigen H5N1 + 200 µg PM (R3). The results showed the treatment did not reduce broiler body weight (PM is not toxic). AI H5N1 antibody titer increased significantly (P0.05) one week after the first vaccination, serum IgA of broiler also increased significantly (P0.05) two weeks after the second vaccination. R3 treatment (200 μg PM) produce higher HI antibody titer ≤ 5 log2 and serum IgA 1.6 fold higher compared with those of broiler received R0A and R0B. It can be concluded that PM can increase the immune response in broiler chickens and can be used as an adjuvant for inactive AI vaccine.