The frequency of TPMT gene mutations is low among Japanese IBD patients. The incidence of adverse reactions to AZA was high, even in patients carrying wild-type TPMT. It is concluded that determination of TPMT genotype may not be useful in Japanese IBD patients to predict adverse reactions to AZA.
A new super multi-view (SMV) display system that enables the number of views to be increased is proposed. All three-dimensional (3D) images generated by multiple multi-view flat-panel displays are superimposed on a common screen using a multi-projection system. The viewing zones of the flat-panel 3D display are produced in the pupils of the projection lenses and then imaged to the observation space by a screen lens. Sixteen flat-panel 3D displays having 16 views were used to construct a SMV display having 256 views. The 3D resolution was 256 x 192. The screen size was 10.3 inches. The horizontal interval of the viewing zones was 1.3 mm.
Background The usefulness of magnifying gastroscopy has been reported in differentiating between benign and malignant gastric mucosal lesions. However, there have been no studies of the usefulness of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) in the diagnosis of superficial (non-polypoid) elevated lesions of the stomach. In this study, we investigated the ability of M-NBI to differentiate between cancer and adenoma in superficial elevated lesions of the stomach. Methods We examined 93 consecutive superficial elevated lesions of the stomach. We defined the endoscopic criteria for early cancer as red coloring using conventional white light imaging (C-WLI), and an irregular microvascular pattern with a demarcation line, or irregular microsurface pattern with a demarcation line, using M-NBI. We determined the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of C-WLI and M-NBI in the diagnosis of these 93 lesions. Results The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (95 % confidence interval) of C-WLI versus M-NBI were 64 % (52-76 %) versus 95 % (90-100 %), 94 % (86-100 %) versus 88 % (77-99 %), and 74 % (66-83 %) versus 92 % (86-98 %), respectively. Sensitivity and accuracy were significantly higher for M-NBI than C-WLI. Conclusions M-NBI appears to be useful in differentiating between cancerous and adenomatous superficial elevated lesions of the stomach.
We introduce digital holographic techniques and recent progress in multidimensional sensing. Digital holography can be used to perform multidimensional imaging of three-dimensional structure, dynamics, quantitative phase, multiple wavelengths, and polarization state of light and sensing of a holographic image of nonlinear light and a three-dimensional image of incoherent light.
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