The purpose of this study was to expand existing knowledge of hotel consumers’ green behaviors by merging value-belief-norm theory and the theory of planned behavior into one theoretical framework to understand comprehensively consumers’ decision-making processes with respect to their intentions to visit a green hotel. Data collected from 757 respondents were analyzed. The results indicate that our integrated framework demonstrates a favorable level of prediction power for guests’ behavior, which verified the superiority of the suggested framework. Furthermore, its findings from fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis indicate that: (a) attitude toward green hotels, perceived behavioral control, sense of obligation, and corporate image are key drivers of guests’ intentions to visit green hotels; (b) three distinct configurations of guests’ intention drivers are likely to result in a high degree of intentions among customers to visit green hotels. The three solutions all contain the conditions of high attitude, corporate image, biospheric value, and green activities, which means that these conditions are vital components of a high intention among customers to visit green hotels. This study contributes to the growing literature on sustainability in marketing and practice by providing useful insights about the determinants of guests’ behavior to use green hotels in the Egyptian hospitality context. It is one of the first empirical studies examining factors affecting guests’ behavior to use green hotels in the Egyptian hospitality context.

The paper identifies the critical competencies affecting Egyptian travel agents' performance while assessing the negative influence of nepotism on such competencies. To address this aim, the study uses a holistic dual approach employing a multivariate technique using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and a configuration method through a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). Based on a sample of 500 travel agents' employees, the results show that: (1) none of the competencies is sufficient to drive travel agents' performance, (2) two distinct configurations of employee competencies are likely to result in high performance, and (3) nepotism has a direct negative influence on some of these competencies. The study holds important implications for both theory and practice.

Purpose-The importance of employees' job embeddedness perception in the airline companies has not been given the required attention. To recognise the role of frontline employees' perception regarding job embeddedness, the present research aims to develop and investigate a model that examines the determinants and consequences of employees' job embeddedness in airline industry. The current study also aims to enrich the literature on human resources in the fields of transportation service management as the lifeblood of tourism industry as a related service industry by providing a comprehensive framework and measurement scale regarding the social exchange theory. Design/methodology/approach-The study used a survey among a sample representative of frontline employees operating in Egyptian airline industry across Egypt. In total, 870 questionnaires were collected and analysed using structural equation modelling using WarpPLS 6.0. Findings-The results indicate that both supervisors' support and employees' advocacy have a significant effect on job embeddedness. In addition, it found out that job embeddedness has a significant effect on organisational commitment and employees' intention to leave. Research limitations/implications-This paper is conceptual in nature regarding the social exchange theory in service related industries such as airlines and tourism. Practical implications-The authors intend to use these considerations as a basis for future research implications for tourism small-and medium-sized enterprises in the Middle-Eastern and North-African region. Social implications-This paper contributes to the literature on social exchange theory by measuring factors affecting employees' job embeddedness in the Egyptian airline industry, notably its related human resources as a service industry. Originality/value-This study developed and empirically tested a comprehensive model of job embeddedness with its drivers and evaluated its impact on both organisational commitment and intention to leave. Such findings hold important implications for tourism small-and medium-sized enterprises in the Middle-Eastern and North-African region.

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PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in social isolation; nevertheless, universities will proceed throughout this trying period with the assistance of technology. As such, this paper seeks to develop a conceptual framework to investigate the continued intentions of students to use mobile learning during COVID-19 under different cultural contexts expanding upon the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and the Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECM) under different cultural contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe suggested model is empirically tested with 1,206 students from different universities in three societies (i.e. Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the UK) using SEM/PLS.FindingsPerformance expectancy, satisfaction, social influence, facilitating conditions and instructors' competencies positively influence students' continued intentions to use mobile learning. In addition, the findings of the current research indicate that student's isolation negatively impact the continuous usage behavior. Furthermore, the findings indicated that a “one-size-fits-all” approach is insufficient in capturing the heterogeneity of students' intentions to use mobile learning across countries.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that has been conducted to understand the main determinants of students' continued intentions to use mobile learning under different cultural contexts.

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