Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent cancer in the world when
nonmelanoma skin cases are not considered. Different epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the development
of cancer. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules transcribed from noncoding regions of the
genome. These are divided into sncRNAs (small noncoding RNAs: <200 nucleotides - including miRNAs
[microRNAs], siRNAs [small interfering RNAs], piRNAs [piwi-interacting RNAs], snoRNAs [small
nucleolar RNAs]) and lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs: >200 nucleotides – includingcircular RNAs
[circRNAs]). NcRNAs can act as oncogenes or as tumor suppressor genes in CRC and are potential biomarkers
of diagnosis, with possible clinical implications.
Objective:
This article aims to make a general review around all types of non-coding RNAs and influence in
colorectal cancer, focus in biomarkesof CRC and their possible applications in clinical practice, as well as
review their biogenesis and functions. Furthermore, we seek to summarize possible databases available for new
searches and studies that require sequence annotation, comparison sequences and target prediction for ncRNAs with the
hope ofgathering information that can aid in the process of understanding and translating the use of ncRNAs into clinical
practice.
Objective/backgroundThis study is a case report that addresses the key aspects of vascular reconstruction, as well as the intraoperative complications, postoperative morbidity, and possibility of adjunctive therapy.MethodsThis article reports the case of a 46 year old female patient with a leiomyosarcoma located in the middle segment of the inferior vena cava (between the renal and hepatic veins) who underwent surgical resection with vena cava reconstruction and insertion of a tubular graft made of a synthetic material.ResultsThis case report reveals that surgical resection of the tumor with the insertion of a smaller-caliber tubular graft provide better patency of the vena cava reconstruction, which was maintained for a year after surgery. In addition, the patient was asymptomatic for lower limb edema, despite having a local recurrence after one year. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (LIVC) and is the only therapy that offers a chance of cure. Several surgical techniques are used for this condition, especially, reconstruction with a vascular graft using natural or synthetic materials.ConclusionDue to the aggressiveness of the disease, this study suggests that surgical intervention used may have no influence on a patient's survival outcome. However, vascular reconstruction with a smaller-caliber tubular graft may yield a better prognosis for patients in terms of postoperative symptoms, such as edema and thrombosis.
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