Background: This study compared urinary and serum nerve growth factor levels and serum C-reactive protein levels in patients with overactive bladder, before and after treatment with antimuscarinic agents, to evaluate their diagnostic and therapeutic importance. Methods: This was a prospective case-control study conducted between February 2014 and December 2014 which included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of overactive bladder (overactive bladder group) and healthy controls (control group). All patients visiting urology out-patient department with urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence were assessed for overactive bladder and, if eligible, were enrolled in the study. Biomarkers were evaluated before in both groups and after antimuscarinic treatment in the overactive bladder group. Results: Overall, 80 participates were enrolled (overactive bladder, n = 40; control, n = 40). The mean age was not different between the two groups (overactive bladder, 48.6 years; control, 46.9 years [ P = 1.01]) and females were more in both the groups (60% and 55%, respectively). The majority (70%) of patients presented with frequency and urgency. After 3 months of treatment with antimuscarinics, the mean overactive bladder symptom score decreased significantly from 8.4 to 4.85 ( P < .001). The mean urinary and serum nerve growth factor levels and serum C-reactive protein levels also decreased significantly from baseline after 3 months of treatment with antimuscarinics (24.78 pg/mL, 22.46 pg/mL, 0.89 mg/L, respectively; P < .0001). Conclusions: Measurement of urinary and serum nerve growth factor levels has diagnostic and therapeutic potential in patients with overactive bladder.
Background: This study “clinico-pathological correlation of abdominal lymphadenopathy" intended to know the various etiological causes behind the abdominal lymphadenopathy and different modes of presentation which can help in treatment and prognosis in our setup which helps in better management of these cases thus helping to improve prognosis.Methods: The" Clinico-Pathological Correlation of Abdominal Lymphadenopathy is a clinical study of 250 consecutive cases of abdominal Lymphadenopathy which were found during intraoperative laparotomy in Hamidia Hospital (Gandhi Medical College), Bhopal. This is observational study will be carried out in the Department of Surgery, Gandhi Medical College. Total 250 consecutive cases will be included in this study having per-operative findings of lymphadenopathy, where laparotomy will be done for various regions. Prior to surgery thorough history will be taken and meticulous physical examination will be performed. Necessary laboratory and imaging studies shall do to establish the diagnosis.Results: Tuberculosis is one of the common causes of Abdomen lymphadenopathy. Age incidence more in males and in second and third decade of life is more common. Abdominal pain, loss of weight and appetite with bowel disturbances are the common clinical manifestation. It is obvious from this study that tuberculosis is a problem in our country. Regarding the abdominal tuberculosis, the diagnostic problem persists for those patients where pulmonary tuberculosis is not obvious. Most tubercular patients present with perforation peritonitis.Conclusions: This study support fact that abdominal lymphadenopathy is important indicator of underlying cause of pathogenesis from which we reach the diagnosis. In present study in 10% cases only lymph nodes are positive for tuberculosis without tissue diagnosis, which can be treated to prevent the further complications.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernias occur in 1 in 3500 live births. Among the congenital diaphragmatic hernias, morgagni hernias are the rarest accounting for 2-3% of all diaphragmatic hernias. They occur through a congenital defect in the anterior part of the diaphragm just behind the sternum. In most cases the defect in the diaphragm is small and the patient may remain asymptomatic. The occurrence of obstruction or strangulation in these hernias is a rare occurrence. We report a rare case of right sided Morgagni hernia in a 14 years old boy who presented with features of subacute intestinal obstruction. Chest X-ray showed a large right sided diaphragmatic hernia with stomach and bowel loops compressing the right lung. A contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan indicated large right sided diaphragmatic hernia containing gastric volvulus with twisted small bowel loops causing right lung collapse, and congenital anomalies of the right kidney and liver. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy with an upper midline incision with reduction of hernia and primary repair of the diaphragmatic defect found in the anterior aspect of right diaphragm without placement of a mesh. An ICD was placed in right thoracic cavity to allow the lung to expand. Due to inadequate lung expansion a second ICD was placed in the right third intercostal space on the 9th post-operative day and removed on the 18th post-operative day. Patient was discharged with a single ICD on 20th post-operative day which was removed on first follow up. Patient was asymptomatic and recovered well subsequently.
The study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal over the period of one & half year. Evaluation started with History and clinical examination including range of movement of joints. Scar was scored as per Clinical Assessment Score. Range of movement was measured using goniometer. Although most patients came for follow up and were compliant with the rehabilitation protocol, their compliance needs to be re-evaluated at every follow up and they should be encouraged to follow the advices strictly. Also they must be counseled that contracture may not be corrected to the full extent despite best of treatment and compliance with rehabilitation protocol but a good level of improvement can be achieved. Keywords: Burn, Surgery, Rehabilitation & Recurrence.
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