A study was conducted to compare the effects of an antibiotic growth promoter (flavomycin) and two herbal natural feed additives (garlic and thyme) with and without a xylanase-based enzyme complex in wheat-based diets on growth performance, carcass parameters, total plasma cholesterol concentration, intestinal traits and the dry matter content of excreta of broiler chickens. A total of 112 day-old male broiler chicks was randomly assigned to eight groups containing 14 chicks each and raised from 1 to 42 days of age. The control group received the wheat-soyabean meal basal diet. In the treatment groups the basal diet was supplemented with one of the following: an antibiotic, thyme, garlic, an enzyme, the antibiotic plus the enzyme, thyme plus the enzyme or garlic plus the enzyme. During the 42-d growth period there were no significant differences in body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the broilers between dietary treatments. Feeding the diet supplemented with the antibiotic plus the enzyme significantly increased hot and cold carcass yields compared to the diets supplemented with thyme, garlic, enzyme and garlic plus enzyme. Total plasma cholesterol concentration, the dry matter content of excreta and the relative weights of the heart, pancreas, liver, gizzard and spleen were not significantly influenced by dietary treatments. The relative weight of the small intestines of the broilers receiving the diets supplemented with the antibiotic, antibiotic plus enzyme, thyme plus enzyme and garlic plus enzyme were significantly less than those of the broilers fed the basal diet and the diets supplemented with thyme, garlic and enzyme. The basal diet and garlic supplemented diet significantly increased the length of the small intestine compared to the other dietary treatments. Broilers receiving the diet supplemented with antibiotic had significantly lower total aerobic bacterial counts in the small intestines compared to those on the other dietary treatments. The combined supplementation of the antibiotic and enzyme resulted in a significantly lower E. coli concentration in the small intestines compared to the basal diet and the other dietary treatments.

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An eighty‐day feeding study was performed to investigate the effects of mealworm meal (Tenebrio molitor) on the growth, survival and moulting frequency of juvenile Narrow‐clawed crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus). Three dietary treatment groups with triplicate were fed with a fish meal‐based without MW (control diet: MW0), two diets with 50% (MW50) and 100% (Mw100) of fish meal substitution with MW respectively. P. leptodactylus juveniles (11.0 ± 0.05 mm, mean ±SE and 0.011 ± 0.002 g, mean ±SE) were randomly stocked into nine flow‐through tanks with a density of 30 crayfish per tank and reared for 80 days. Crayfish fed with MW50 mealworm meal showed positive effects on weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), apparent net protein utilization (ANPU), moulting frequency (MF) and feed conservation ratio (FCR), but lower survival rate (SR) as compared to the other diet groups. Protein and lipid contents of the whole body of the crayfish fed with replacement diet (MW50) were found to be higher than those of the other two diet groups (p<0.05). However, the MW100 diet slightly increased the moisture and ash contents of the crayfish. Our observation indicated that the addition of a 50% mealworm meal in the diet of P. leptodactylus juveniles improved the growth performance of the crayfish without causing any adverse effects. Therefore, T. molitor meal can be considered as an alternative animal source of protein for the narrow‐clawed crayfish juveniles.

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Hemşirelikte kavramsal modellerin kullanımı hemşirelik bakımına eleştirel bir bakış açısı, bilimsel temel kavram ve prensipler kazandırarak hasta bireyde etkin bir bakım oluşturur. Hemşirelik bakımında kullanılan kavramsal modellerden biride Katharine Kolcaba tarafından geliştirilen 'Konfor Kuramı'dır. Kuramda holistik görüşle konfor kavramını, ferahlama, rahata kavuşma ve sorunların üstesinden gelebilmek için temel insan gereksinimlerini karşılamanın o andaki deneyimi olarak açıklamaktadır. Bu olguda atriyal fibrilasyon tanısı nedeniyle kardiyoversiyon ve ablasyon uygulanan bir hastanın konfor kuramına göre hemşirelik bakım süreci gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Atriyal fibrilasyon; konfor kuramı; olgu sunumu.

ÖZSerebral Palsi beyin gelişimine etki eden prenatal, perinatal veya postnatal dönemlerde beyin gelişimini olumsuz etkileyen çeşitli faktörler neticesinde meydana gelebilen, tek bir hastalık olmayıp, merkezi sinir sistemindeki zedelenmeler sonucunda motor fonksiyonlardaki bozuklukların da ön planda olduğu birçok hastalığı içine alan bir durumdur. Serebral Palsili hastaların hastane veya ev ortamında hem kendilerinin hem de ailelerinin ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması ve konforunun sağlanması hastanın bakımı açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Evde bakımı yapılan SP'li hastaların birçok komplikasyon nedeniyle hastaneye yatışı yapılabilmektedir. Bu olguda, çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde izlenen 15 yaşındaki SP'li bir hastanın Kolcaba Konfor Kuramına göre hemşirelik bakım süreci sunulmuştur.

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