ABSTRAKKunyit (Curcuma longa) merupakan tanaman yang dapat tumbuh di daerah tropis dan sub tropis, serta merupakan tanaman asli Asia Tenggara. Di Indonesia, kunyit menyebar secara merata di seluruh daerah. Kurkumin yang merupakan unsur utama kunyit, merupakan antioksidan yang kuat. Beberapa penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa kunyit mampu menghambat pertumbuhan beberapa tipe sel kanker. Mekanisme anti-kanker kurkumin adalah dengan menghambat proliferasi sel. Penelitian terdahulu melaporkan bahwa ekstrak Curcuma longa menginduksi apoptosis pada sel HeLa, tetapi mekanisme kematian sel tersebut belum jelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh ekstrak Curcuma longa pada perubahan morfologi sel HeLa, dimana perubahan morfologi merupakan parameter kerusakan sel. Sel HeLa (5x10 4 sel/well) dikultur dalam RPMI 1640 semalam sebelum stimulasi. Ekstrak etanol kunyit (50 µg/ml, 100 µg/ ml, 150 µg/ml) ditambahkan pada kultur HeLa dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam dalam medium tanpa antibiotik. Analisis morfologi sel HeLa dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop fase kontras setelah pewarnaan haematoksilen eosin. Doksorubisin (0,5625 µg/ml) digunakan sebagai kontrol positif induksi apoptosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Curcuma longa menyebabkan perubahan morfologi sel yang ditandai dengan semakin mengecilnya ukuran sel, hilangnya prosesus sitoplasmik sehingga sel berbentuk bulat, serta hilang kontak dengan sel lain yang merupakan ciri apoptosis pada sebagian besar sel HeLa. Nukleus tampak berwarna gelap karena peningkatan kapasitas penyerapan zat haematoksilen. Analisa statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol positif dan negatif dengan kelompok stimulasi dalam jumlah sel yang mengalami perubahan morfologi menuju apoptosis. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak Curcuma longa mampu menginduksi perubahan morfologi sel HeLa yaitu berupa cell shrinkage.
In Sanden, Bantul, there were several family started managing the yard by planting medicinal plants for sale, but there was still a lot of yard was not optimally utilized. The purpose of establishing independent medicinal plants (TOGA) and acupressure groups is to increase the active participation of the community in improving their health by changing the curative paradigm to be promotive and preventive, also to improve the family economy through planting and processing TOGA grown in the yard. The activity was carried out by establishing an independent TOGA and acupressure groups in several areas managed by their own groups. In line with this activity, the Bantul Government routinely organized greenery and medicinal plants competition for each village. The goal of the competition is, besides the environment being green, the medicinal plants can help the family's economic needs.
Background: Streptococcus sanguinis is an oral commensal bacterium commonly found in periodontal lesions and deep abscesses that are usually dominated by anaerobic bacteria. As an important causative agent of systemic diseases, and with the increasingly numerous cases of antimicrobial resistance, some means of modulating the immune response to bacterial infection is thus necessary. Phyllanthus niruri Linn is widely used as a medicinal herb to both prevent and treat disease and demonstrates immunomodulatory properties. Purpose: This study aimed to observe the potential for aqueous extract of Phylanthus niruri to induce macrophage proliferation and NO production following S. sanguinis infection. Methods: Macrophages were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects, stimulated with P. niruri aqueous extract in graded doses and infected with S. sanguinis ATCC 10556 bacterial suspension. Cell proliferation and nitric oxide release was observed at 24 and 48 hours to determine macrophage activities. Results: NO production and cell proliferation started to increase upon 50 and 100µg/ml P niruri respective stimulation. Statistical analysis using One-way Anova demonstrated a significant difference of cell proliferation after stimulation with P. niruri aqueous extract at various doses (p<0.05). Conclusion: P. niruri aqueous extract induced macrophage proliferation and NO secretion upon S sanguinis infection, showing potential antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities. At the same concentrations, NO production and macrophage were higher at 48 hours than at 24 hours.
Bawang bombay (Allium cepa L) dan sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness) merupakan tumbuhan yang sering kita jumpai di sekitar kita. Allium cepa L dan Andrographis paniculata Ness secara terpisah telah diteliti dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri kombinasi Allium cepa L dan Andrographis paniculata Ness terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Kedua tanaman tersebut diekstraksi dengan metode infusa menggunakan pelarut air. Uji daya hambat dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan untuk menentukan konsentrasi terendah yang sudah memiliki zona hambat dan didapatkan konsentrasi 25% untuk masing-masing ekstrak, maka konsentrasi inilah yang digunakan sebagai kombinasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji One Way Anova kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan zona hambat yang signifikan secara statistik (p = 0,00, p < 0,05) pada kombinasi Allium cepa L dan Andrographis paniculata Ness dibanding sediaan tunggal. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat peningkatan potensi antibakteri terhadap bakteri P. aeruginosa.
Background: The aging process causes changes of physiological and psychosocial functions. The percentage of older people population in Yogyakarta Province in 2015 was 13,49%, the highest in Indonesia. The increased number of older people is followed by the increased number of problems in older people. One of the most common problems of older people is falls. Risk of falls consists of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Visual acuity is a part of the intrinsic factor of risk of falls in the older people. Objective: To find out the correlation between visual acuity and the risk of falls of older people in Baciro Village Yogyakarta. Methods: The research method was observational-analytic with cross sectional design. Researchers took samples in Baciro Village Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria was people aged ≥60 years old. The exclusion criteria were older people who were illiterate and had neuromotor limitations in lower extremity.The data was collected by checking the visual acuity of the older people with Snellen chart. Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) questionnaire was used to determine the risk of falling. Results: Ninety-seven older people participated in this research.The results of bivariate analysis used Spearman correlation test showed that there was no correlation between the better eye visual acuity and the risk of falls in the older people (FES-I) (r = 0.190 and p = 0.063) and there was a significant correlation between the worse eye visual acuity and the risk of falls in the older people (r = 0.240 and p = 0.018). Conclution: 1) There is no correlation between the better eye visual acuity and the risk of falls in the older people. 2) There is a correlation between the worse eye visual acuity and the risk of falls in the older people. Keywords: Visual acuity, Risk of Falls, FES-I
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