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Polypropylene (PP) was modified by solid‐phase graft copolymerization with maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St), using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator and xylene as the interfacial agent. Effects of various factors such as monomer concentration, monomer ratio, initiator concentration on grafting percentage, and acid value were investigated. The graft copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, pyrolysis gas chromatography—mass spectroscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis, and the intrinsic viscosity of the extractive from the reaction product was investigated. The results showed that the grafting percentage and acid value of the graft copolymer of PP with two monomers (MAH and St) were considerably higher than those of the graft copolymer of PP with MAH alone. The graft segments were shown to be the copolymer of St and MAH with a substantial molecular weight. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 2482–2487, 2000

BACKGROUND: In the BioDeNOX technology for NOX removal from flue gas, bioreduction of Fe(II)EDTA‐NO and Fe(III)EDTA are core processes. In this study, a newly isolated strain, Paracoccus denitrificans, was used to reduce Fe(II)EDTA‐NO with glucose and Fe(II)EDTA as donor electrons. To better understand the change law of Fe(II)EDTA, the process of Fe(II)EDTA‐NO reduction by P. denitrificans with glucose and Fe(II)EDTA as electron donors was investigated, and the factors that might affect Fe(II)EDTA concentration were studied. RESULTS: For the bioreduction process of Fe(II)EDTA‐NO, P. denitrificans could use glucose and Fe(II)EDTA as electron donors. At different stages, primary electron donors were different, thereby affecting the concentration of Fe(II)EDTA in the system. It was also proved that this strain not only reduced Fe(III)EDTA with glucose as the electron donor but also secreted several substances that reacted with Fe(III)EDTA, resulting in increased Fe(II)EDTA concentration in the solution. CONCLUSIONS: This work has shown that P. denitrificans can reduce Fe(II)EDTA‐NO and Fe(III)EDTA simultaneously to regenerate NOX absorption solution. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

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A novel method of arsenic removal from water, combined electrosorption and chemisorption (CEC), has been presented in this work in order to deeply eliminate arsenic in water. This method was proposed using a mixture of activated carbon (AC) and reduced graphene−iron composite (Fe-rGO) as the electrode (Fe-rGO@AC). The results showed that the AC had a better electrosorption performance, while Fe-rGO was more suitable for chemisorption of As(V). The Fe-rGO@AC electrode combined the electrosorption with chemisorption. It was confirmed that the combination accelerated the adsorption rate of Fe-rGO. The AC on the electrode accelerated the mobility of arsenic ions and concentrated them in the electrical double layer (EDL) by means of electrostatic force underpotential. Meanwhlie, the concentrated As(V) ions reacted with Fe-rGO, contributing to a higher arsenic chemisorption on Fe-rGO. Therefore, the combination of electrosorption with chemisorption was an effective process for arsenic removal.

In this work, the forward and back extraction of soybean protein by reverse micelles was studied. The reverse micellar systems were formed by anionic surfactant sodium bis(2-ethyl hexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT), isooctane and KCl solution. The effects of AOT concentration, aqueous pH, KCl concentration and phase volume ratio on the extraction efficiency of soybean protein were tested. Suitability of reverse micelles of AOT and Triton-X-100/AOT mixture in organic solvent toluene for soybean protein extraction was also investigated. The experimental results lead to complete forward extraction at the AOT concentration 120 mmol l(-1), aqueous pH 5.5 and KCl concentration 0.8 mol l(-1). The backward extraction with aqueous phase (pH 5.5) resulted in 100% extraction of soybean protein from the organic phase.

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