In the title molecule, C16H16N2O, the pyridine ring and non-H atoms of the =CH—C(=O)— unit are coplaner, the largest deviation being 0.045 (2) Å for the O atom. The dihedral angle between this plane and the benzene ring is 2.79 (2)°. The molecular structure is stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯π and interactions.
In the title compound, C21H18N2O, the dihedral angle between the phenol ring and the carbazole system is 39.34 (2)°. Intermolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π and π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.426 (2) and 3.768 (2) Å] stabilize the crystal structure.
a b s t r a c tA pilot-scale powdered activated carbon (PAC) countercurrent four-stage adsorption-microfiltration (MF) hybrid process was developed to remove organics from reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC). The main focus of this study was to remove the organic matters and prepare qualified influent with lower turbidity and silt density index (SDI) to reverse osmosis (RO) system for further desalination. The results indicated effective removal of organic pollutants from ROC with effluent values that met the requirements for RO influent. The average values of turbidity and SDI in the effluent were 0.70 NTU and 2.52, respectively. The average dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal rate was approximately 70% when the PAC dosage was between 0.35 and 0.45 g/L. Membrane fouling under two operational modes was analysed and compared, and membrane fouling was reduced in mode II operation. Mode II operation performed better in terms of a shorter hydraulic retention time and lower membrane fouling rate, resulting in more economical and effective operation. UV 254 and DOC were linearly correlated for both the influent and effluent, and the removal rate of the DOC and PAC dosage also exhibited linear correlation with a linear coefficient R 2 > 0.95, which can be used to adjust the PAC dosage during operation.
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