Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, eLearning became the lifeline of higher education. We explored university educators’ eLearning perspectives, practices, and future adoption intentions. In-depth interviews with 14 educators from a large university in Singapore were conducted. Educators had limited eLearning experience prior to COVID-19 emergency eLearning and expressed strong preferences for in-person sessions. The short notice to switch to eLearning and lack of eLearning experiences created stress and anxiety. Educators responded by making efforts that allowed for teaching to continue, conceding that some expectations had to be readjusted. Despite many obstacles, educators acknowledged reduced apprehension towards eLearning. Reflecting upon their experiences, educators highlighted opportunities and challenges of eLearning. A key opportunity was increased flexibility, which enabled students to learn independently. Additionally, eLearning triggered reflection upon educators teaching which could lead to improved practice. Reduction of some barriers to student–educator interaction were also mentioned. Key challenges include creating social, emotional, and cognitive engagement, catering to diverse student needs and providing holistic learning experiences. Considering opportunities and challenges, educators envisioned that eLearning would feature in their future teaching if practical and helpful for achieving educational goals. Hybrid or blended learning approaches were preferred, but support enabling the implementation of technology-based and pedagogy-informed teaching is necessary.

ObjectivesTo explore the factors associated with utilization of oral health services among Chinese adults and older adults according to the Andersen Behavior Model.MethodsData from the 4th National Oral Health Survey (2015‐2016) in China were used. A total of 7206 people (3669 adults aged 35‐44 years and 3537 older adults aged 65‐74 years) were included in our analysis. Oral health service utilization in the past 12 months was the outcome variable. Explanatory variables were selected according to the Andersen Behavior Model. Descriptive statistics and bivariate associations (chi‐square tests) were analysed, followed by hierarchical Poisson regression models, which were conducted to determine the factors associated with oral health service utilization.ResultsIn total, 21.4% (95% CI: 19.4%‐23.7%) of adults (35‐44 years old) and 20.7% (95% CI: 18.6%‐22.9%) of older adults (65‐74 years old) utilized oral health services in the past 12 months. Nearly 80% of adults (78.7%, 95% CI: 74.0%‐82.7%) and more than 90% of older adults (93.7%, 95% CI: 91.0%‐95.6%) visited a dentist for treatment. Adults aged 35‐44 years old who were female (IRR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00‐1.33, P = .047), had good oral health knowledge and attitudes (IRR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.59, P = .011), perceived their oral health status as fair (IRR:1.51, 95% CI:1.24‐1.85, P < .001) or poor/very poor (IRR:2.52, 95% CI:2.01‐3.18, P < .001) and had a decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index >0 (IRR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.11‐2.09, P = .009) were more likely to report dental visits in the past 12 months. Older adults who utilized oral health services tended to be female (IRR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.09‐1.59, P = .004); to be covered by Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) (IRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.18‐2.05, P = .002), Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) (IRR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.32‐2.16, P < .001) or government medical insurance (GMI) (IRR: 1.03, 95% CI:1.01‐2.16, P = .044); to have a high education level (IRR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08‐1.74, P = .010); to have an income level in the 2nd tertile (IRR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.13‐1.84, P = .003) or 3rd tertile (IRR:1.52, 95% CI:1.18‐1.95, P = .001); and to perceive their oral health status as poor or very poor (IRR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.21‐1.95, P = .001).ConclusionsSex and self‐perceived oral health status were associated with oral health utilization among Chinese population. Additionally, for older adults, education level, household income and insurance coverage were determinants of dental service use. These findings can aid in creating more targeted policies to increase the use of dental services by Chinese adults.

A series of oxovanadium complexes with mixed ligands, a tridentate ONO-donor Schiff base ligand [viz., salicylidene anthranilic acid (SAA)], and a bidentate NN ligand [viz., 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq), dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz), or 7-methyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppm)], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Crystal structures of both complexes, [V(IV)O(SAA)(bpy)].0.25bpy and [V(IV)O(SAA)(phen)].0.33H(2)O, reveal that oxovanadium(IV) is coordinated with one nitrogen and two oxygen atoms from the Schiff base and two nitrogen atoms from the bidentate planar ligands, in a distorted octahedral geometry (VO(3)N(3)). The oxidation state of V(IV) with d(1) configuration was confirmed by EPR spectroscopy. The speciation of VO-SAA-bpy in aqueous solution was investigated by potentiomtreic pH titrations, and the results revealed that the main species are two ternary complexes at a pH range of 7.0-7.4, and one is the isolated crystalline complex. The complexes have been found to be potent inhibitors against human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) (IC(50) approximately 30-61 nM), T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), and Src homology phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) in vitro. Interestingly, the [V(IV)O(SAA)(bpy)] complex selectively inhibits PTP1B over the other two phosphatases (approximate ninefold selectivity against SHP-1 and about twofold selectivity against TCPTP). Kinetics assays suggest that the complexes inhibit PTP1B in a competitive and reversible manner. These suggest that the complexes may be promising candidates as novel antidiabetic agents.