Dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing atau bahasa kedua seringkali dijumpai kesulitan yang dilakukan oleh pembelajar. Kesulitan tersebut antara lain disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan antara bahasa asing yang dipelajari (L2) dengan bahasa ibu pembelajar (L1). Terdapat kesalahan pembelajar yang dipengaruhi oleh L1. Kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut bisa terjadi pada bidang fonologi, kosa kata, dan tata bahasa (Breadsmore, 1982). Perbedaan ini menyebabkan kesalahan-kesalahan dalam penggunaan L2 oleh pembelajar. Hal ini menunjukkan pengaruh dari L1 terhadap pemerolehan L2 (Ellis in Bhela, 1999). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa pengaruh bahasa ibu terhadap bahasa Inggris mahasiswa program studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Udayana, bahasa Bali dianggap sebagai bahasa Ibu mahasiswa. Kedua bahasa akan dibandingkan untuk menganalisa perbedaan dan persamaan diantara keduanya. Responden dalam penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester dua Program Studi Sastra Inggris yang akan dianalisa kemampuan menulisnya dalam Bahasa Inggris. Tulisan mahasiswa kemudian akan dianalisa berdasarkan kesalahan yang ditemukan, khususnya dalam hal morfologi dan sintaksis. Selanjutnya, kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut dianalisa berdasarkan perbedaan antara L1 dan L2 yang menyebabkan terjadinya kesalahan.
Stance refers to attitude, feelings, judgment or commitment of a speaker towards a proposition. A speaker employs certain linguistics features to express his stance including hedges, boosters, self-mentions and attitude markers. This research aims at analyzing stance of Indonesian writers in social and hard science journal articles written in English by examining the use of linguistic features employed as stance markers. The research result shows that the writers of social science articles use more stance marker compares to those of hard science articles. Indonesian writers maintain the objectivity of academic writing as there was very limited use of self-mentions in the articles. The stance markers used by Indonesian writers represent the positive, negative or neutral type of stance.
The title of this undergraduate thesis is The Morphological Process of Derivational Suffixes in the novel “The Fault in Our Stars”. This study focuses on words with derivational suffixes; the use of derivational suffixes causes a change in the meaning of word. The data of this study were taken from the novel “The Fault in Our Stars”. This novel has an interesting story and contains words with derivational suffixes. The data were collected by observing and reading the novel intensively. The data were grouped based on word classes and were analyzed for any change in meaning. This thesis applies the theory of Morphology proposed by Plag (2002). This theory is used to analyze words with suffixes and to know about change in meaning of the word using derivational suffixes. The result of this analysis shows that 226 words contain nominal suffixes, 171 words contain adjectival suffixes, 170 words contain adverbial suffixes and 2 words contain verbal suffixes.
The title of this paper is The Analysis of Conflict of the Main Character in the Movie “I am Sam”. This study focuses on describing the category and function of the main character and the external conflicts of the main character. The movie I am Sam was analyzed by categorizing the main character. The data of this study were taken from a movie entitled I Am Sam. The data were collected through documentary method, by watching the movie and were then by marking and taking notes of parts of the movie which are related to the study. The data then were categorized based on the theories. The American drama film I am Sam which is the compelling story of Sam, a mentally-challenged father raising his daughter Lucy with the help of a unique group of friends. The category and function were analyzed based on the theory proposed by Wellek and Warren (1995: 227) who divide character into two types, static and dynamic characters; the analysis also included Protagonist and Antagonist characters. The conflict was analyzed based on the theory of literature proposed by Kenney (1996) who divides conflicts into two types, external and internal conflicts. But in the movie, the only external conflict occurs. The analysis brought some conclusions. Sam, as the main character, has a mental disorder, described as a really kind-hearted person. He also had a big willing, even so many challenges he should pass to live with his daughter, he still tried so hard to do it. After so many people hurt his feeling, he was still kind and did not do bad things to them. The conflicts all passed with him being a kind and honest person.
The aim of this study was to test the claim that languages universally employ morphosyntactic marking to differentiate events of more‐ versus less‐direct causation, preferring to mark them with less‐ and more‐ overt marking, respectively (e.g., Somebody broke the window vs. Somebody MADE the window break; *Somebody cried the boy vs. Somebody MADE the boy cry). To this end, we investigated whether a recent computational model which learns to predict speakers’ by‐verb relative preference for the two causatives in English, Hebrew, Hindi, Japanese, and K'iche’ Mayan is able to generalize to a sixth language on which it has never been trained: Balinese. Judgments of the relative acceptability of the less‐ and more‐transparent causative forms of 60 verbs were collected from 48 native‐speaking Balinese adults. The composite crosslinguistic computational model was able to predict these judgments, not only for verbs that it had seen, but also––in a split‐half validation test––to verbs that it had never seen in any language. A “random‐semantics” model showed only a relatively small decrement in performance with seen verbs, whose behavior can be learned on a verb‐by‐verb basis, but achieved zero correlation with human judgments when generalizing to unseen verbs. Together, these findings suggest that Balinese conceptualizes directness of causation in a similar way to these unrelated languages, and therefore constitute support for the view that the distinction between more‐ versus less‐distinct causation constitutes a morphosyntactic universal.
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