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demand for high-performance flexible sensors is even more pronounced. Recently, many types of flexible sensors have been developed and generally classified as piezoresistive sensors, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] capacitive sensors, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and piezoelectric sensors.As a special kind of piezoelectric sensor, ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) has excellent electromechanical conversion performance. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] There have been some reports about IPMC sensors and their applications in wearables. And most of these reports are about the design of materials and structures for electrode. [32,41] Voltage will be generated only due to deformation of the IPMC, giving it advanced performance of passive, which is not available in piezoresistive and capacitive sensors. A typical IPMC sensor has a "sandwich" structure, using noble metal as the electrode layer and ionic polymer as the electrolyte layer. Mostly, IPMC sensor is prepared by the conventional electroless plating method involving the exchange of cations and reduction of gold ions. The whole procedure usually requires repeated impregnation/reduction process for many times (five times at least), in order to guarantee a firm interface bonding between the electrode and electrolyte layer as well as good conductivity of the electrode layer. Moreover, limited by the reaction conditions in electroless plating, uncontrollable growth and inhomogeneous distribution of the gold particles at interface and surface of devices greatly degrade the properties and poor batch performance. Therefore, these disadvantages of time consuming, cost, and batch stability present by the conventional method greatly hinder the practical use of IPMC sensors.Herein, we propose a kind of fluid-bed-like reactor to improve the conventional electroless plating method. As known, the industrial fluid-bed reactor is provided for gas-solid or liquid-solid reaction. The fluid passes through fixed beds to achieve the uniform and sufficient reaction among them. Similarly, we introduce a template to fix the ionic polymer membranes (Nafion) in the reducing solution (Na 2 SO 3 ) to provide a uniform and stable reaction environment. The fluid-bed-like method guarantees the excellent properties and batch stability of IPMC sensors while greatly simplifying the total preparation process. In this work, sensitivity up to 2.99 mV in the strain range below 1%, which is higher than 0.35-0.51, 0.72-2.63, Flexible sensors, which can meet human ergonomics requirements by virtue of compliance, are widely used in smart wearable electronics. Compared with existing piezoresistive, capacitive, and piezoelectric sensors, flexible ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) sensors are promising for wearable applications toward monitoring diverse human activities, due to their advanced characteristics of passive, and direction identification. Here, a fluid-bed-like reactor is developed for batch preparation of the IPMC sensors, which can overcome those problems including time consumin...

As a characteristic edible fungus with a high nutritional value and medicinal effect, the Bachu mushroom has a broad market. To distinguish among Bachu mushrooms with high value and other fungi effectively and accurately, as well as to explore a universal identification method, this study proposed a method to identify Bachu mushrooms by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) combined with machine learning. In this experiment, two kinds of common edible mushrooms, Lentinus edodes and club fungi, were selected and classified with Bachu mushrooms. Due to the different distribution of nutrients in the caps and stalks, the caps and stalks were studied in this experiment. By comparing the average normalized infrared spectra of the caps and stalks of the three types of fungi, we found differences in their infrared spectra, indicating that the latter can be used to classify and identify the three types of fungi. We also used machine learning to process the spectral data. The overall steps of data processing are as follows: use partial least squares (PLS) to extract spectral features, select the appropriate characteristic number, use different classification algorithms for classification, and finally determine the best algorithm according to the classification results. Among them, the basis of selecting the characteristic number was the cumulative variance interpretation rate. To improve the reliability of the experimental results, this study also used the classification results to verify the feasibility. The classification algorithms used in this study were the support vector machine (SVM), backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm. The results showed that the three algorithms achieved good results in the multivariate classification of the caps and stalks data. Moreover, the cumulative variance explanation rate could be used to select the characteristic number. Finally, by comparing the classification results of the three algorithms, the classification effect of KNN was found to be the best. Additionally, the classification results were as follows: according to the caps data classification, the accuracy was 99.06%; according to the stalks data classification, the accuracy was 99.82%. This study showed that infrared spectroscopy combined with a machine learning algorithm has the potential to be applied to identify Bachu mushrooms and the cumulative variance

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In order to improve the aquaculture monitoring system in China, this paper designs a system adopting the SIMATIC S7-200 CPU226 and PID control algorithm to make real-time monitoring and controlling for the water level and temperature of closed circulating aquaculture system, thus it can realize constant control of water level and temperature in the culture pond. The overall control scheme and principle of the system are introduced in detail, followed by the structure design of the system software and hardware. The designed system can efficiently achieve system logic control, safety control, fault display and fault treatment.

The real-time monitor ability will be improved when the Ocean buoy technology is used on the marine environment monitoring. The design of the monitoring system based on marine environment buoy were described in detail in the paper, which including the integrated hardware and the monitoring software. The ocean remote monitoring function was implemented using the developed software system.