Orientation relationships during the austenite-to-ferrite (-to-) phase transformation were investigated using electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) on a bainitic steel containing retained austenite. The steel was hot rolled within the austenite phase ®eld, but below the`no-recrystallization' temperature, to two different strains. The observed orientation relationships between the bainite and retained austenite are expressed in Rodrigues±Frank space. The exact Kurdjumov±Sachs relation was never found. The local spread of orientation in the parent austenite (owing to deformation) is seen to be inherited by the bainite. This is attributed to the displacive mode of transformation to bainite. The in¯uence of austenite prior deformation on the occurrence of variant selection was also studied. It is shown that a critical strain is necessary in order to observe a signi®cant amount of variant selection.
Mo particles have been introduced into Ag-Cu-Ti brazing alloy for the joining of Si3N4 ceramic. Effects of Ti content on microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. The results present that a compact reaction layer which is composed of TiN and Ti5Si3 was formed at the Si3N4/solder interface. The central part of the joint was composed of Ag based solid solution, Cu based solid solution, Mo particles and Cu-Ti intermetallics. By increasing Ti content in the composite filler, both the thickness of reaction layer and the amount of Cu-Ti intermetallics in the joint increased, which is beneficial for the joint strength. However, the reaction between Ti and Si3N4 proceeded more excessively. Simultaneously, more Cu-Ti intermetallics were precipitated while elevating Ti content to 6wt.%, leading to deterioration of the bonding strength. The maximum bending strength (429.4MPa) was obtained when Ti content is 4wt.% in the composite filler.
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