The concern about the production of international standards to measure the sustainability of tourism is present today, especially the discourse on the introduction of new sources. This article aims to survey and describe the main approaches and methodologies to use big data to measure tourism sustainability. Successful cases are addressed by explaining the main opportunities and challenges for the creation of official tourist statistics. A comprehensive review of publications regarding this field was carried out by applying the systematic literature review technique. This contributes a knowledge base to destination management organisations to encourage the implementation of official tourism statistics systems using big data.
El turismo cultural, percibido no solo como las visitas a sitios y monumentos históricos, sino ampliado al conocimiento de la forma de vida y tradiciones de las poblaciones locales, podría constituir una importante alternativa para Cuba. La presente investigación tiene como objetivos determinar si Cuba es apreciada como un destino cultural desde la perspectiva del mercado español e identificar cuáles son sus elementos distintivos. Por medio de un cuestionario realizado a 400 españoles, se evalúan los dos componentes de la imagen de un destino: el cognitivo y el afectivo. El estudio revela una preferencia por el turismo cultural y señala a la gente, la música, al Centro Histórico de La Habana y el estilo de vida como los elementos distintivos de Cuba. Estos resultados contribuyen a un diseño más efectivo de la promoción turística en el mercado español, aunque se recomienda ampliar el estudio a otros mercados potenciales.
RESUMENEste trabajo estudia el perfil del visitante en Santiago de Compostela y lo compara con el de otros destinos culturales del mundo. Se tomó como base la metodología de ATLAS y se realizaron 400 encuestas a visitantes. Se aprecia el perfil del tradicional turista cultural de edad madura que viaja por vacaciones. Experimenta más motivación por el ambiente del lugar que por el aporte de conocimiento. Asimismo, considera que la arquitectura histórica es el mayor atractivo de Santiago, aunque muestra interés por actividades culturales que impliquen una experiencia más creativa y participativa.Palabras clave: Perfil del visitante; Santiago de Compostela; oferta cultural creativa.
Visitors' profile in Santiago de Compostela: tradition and present
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to determine Santiago de Compostela's visitors profile and compare it with those of other cultural destinations worldwide. Based on ATLAS methodology and after 400 visitors were interviewed, the results reveal a traditional middleaged cultural tourist who travels for vacation. It's more motivated by the atmosphere of the place than the actual acquisition of knowledge. Although historical architecture remains to be considered Santiago's main asset, the study shows an increasing interest in cultural activities that provide more creative and interactive experiences.
The World Heritage cities face the challenge of preserving its heritage, managing visitor flows, while providing an experience in line with current demand. The aim of this paper is to design a methodology for the implementation of an Integral System for Tourism Analysis (ISTA) in heritage cities. The work starts by developing a study guide for tourist observatories, the most used tool in heritage destinations. The tourism observatories of five Spanish cities were established as cases of study: Córdoba, Avila, Segovia, Salamanca and Santiago de Compostela. The results show that tourism observatories keep track of the main indicators of demand and supply. However, aspects related to the economic impact of tourism, the local population or the use of ICT in the collection and dissemination of information are less exploited. The ISTA is founded based on two pillars. First, it presents a Subsystem of Collection and Analysis of information aimed at improving the competitiveness of the destination. Secondly, it suggests a Subsystem of Research for developing projects aimed at ensuring the sustainability of the tourist activity.
Spatial Data Infrastructures constitute an organisational and technological bet on the part of Public Administrations to make available the geographic information they collect or generate to institutions and citizens. In Spain, various initiatives have been developed at state, regional, local and cross-border levels, which have been integrated into the Spatial Data Infrastructure of Spain. In the case of Santiago de Compostela, a World Heritage historic city, two experiences have taken place: the Heritage Information System (SIP, by its Spanish acronym) and recently the Geoportal of Santiago de Compostela City Council. This work aims to present the experience of both initiatives as tools for heritage management and public knowledge. An evaluation of the design and functionality of the SIP over the 7 years since its implementation has also been carried out. For this purpose, four indicators have been established: use of international and European standards, compatibility, proactivity, and synergies between documentation centers. The study found that despite the functionality that the SIP had in its creation, the lack of foresight to maintain its systematization and updating led to it being outdated. However, the Geoportal of Santiago de Compostela City Council was created as a new tool for disseminating and managing heritage and council services among institutions, professionals and citizens.
The article presents a sample of the thematic cartography that will be integrated into the Observatory of the Cultural Heritage of Galicia platform, a digital application in a website and App format. The proposed thematic cartography provides relevant information about the region’s heritage, demographics, and socioeconomic aspects for visitors undertaking cultural tourism in Galicia. Moreover, it provides a vital didactic resource for the teaching-learning of geography from an active, reflective and critical perspective, at all levels of education from primary education through to university.
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