The aim of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of Curcumin Copper Oxide nano-composite in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Sixty male rats were divided into four equal groups. Group 1 (control) comprised 15 rats received no drugs, Group 2 (Diabetic nontreated group) included 15 rats received no drugs, serve as STZ induced diabetic group. Group 3 (Diabetic nano-curcumin treated group) consists of 15 rats, received curcumin nanoparticle orally at a dose level of 2 mg/kg b.wt/day. Group 4 (Diabetic Curcumin Copper Oxide Nano-Composite treated group): included 15 rats, received curcumin Copper Oxide Nano-Composite at a dose level of 7 mg/kg b.wt/day orally. The obtained results revealed that, diabetic rats showed significant increase in serum glucose and Malondialehyde (MDA) concentrations. However, serum Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and insulin concentration in pancreatic tissue were markedly decreased. Moreover, a significant down regulation in Insulin Receptor-A (IRA) and Insulin Receptors Substrate-2 (IRs-2) mRNA gene levels in hepatic tissue were observed in diabetic rats. Administration of Curcumin Copper Oxide Nano-Composite in diabetic rats caused significant improvement of all previous parameters. These results suggested that, Curcumin Copper Oxide Nano-Composite treatment may decrease the diabetic complications as hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in rats through free radical scavenging as well as regulation of endogenous antioxidant defense system mechanisms.

Spirulina and alpha lipoic acid are the most important antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to explore the adverse effect of (Aspartame) and the protective role of alpha lipoic acid and spirulina in alleviating the deleterious effects of aspartame on the liver and rabbit kidneys. Forty two Rabbits were classified into seven equal groups. Group I: (Control group) received no drugs. Group II: rabbits administered with alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg b. wt/day). Group III: rabbits received spirulina platensis (1500 mg/kg b. wt/day). Group IV: rabbits received aspartame (250 mg/kg. b. wt/day). Group V: rabbits received aspartame (250 mg mg/kg b. wt) and treated with alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg b. wt). Group VI: rabbits received aspartame (250 mg mg/kg b.wt) and treated with spirulina (1500 mg/kg b. wt). Group VII: rabbits received aspartame (250 mg mg/kg b.wt) and treated daily with alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg b. wt) and spirulina (1500 mg/kg b. wt) for 8 weeks. Blood samples for serum separation were collected once from all animal groups after eight weeks of experiment. The results revealed a significant increase in serum liver marker enzymes (ALT), (AST), (ALP), kidny function tests (urea, creatinine, uric acid) and lipid profile (total cholesterol and triacylglycerols) and total protein concentration with a significant reduction in serum albumin in aspartame-administrated group. Coadministration of spirulina and alpha lipoic acid with aspartame treated rabbits ameliorate aspartame dangerous effects as revealed by a significant enhancement in all previous biochemical parameters to its normal ranges. These results suggested that, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of spirulina and alpha lipoic acid could curtail liver impairment and enhanced the harmful impact of aspartame on rabbits liver and kidney.

This study was conducted to evaluate the possible protective effect of Spirulina and alphalipoic acid against aspartame induced oxidative stress and brain damage in rabbits. Forty-two white male New-Zealand Rabbits were classified into seven groups. Group I(Control) received no drugs. Group II (ASP) received aspartame (250 mg/kg b. wt./day). Group III (LA)received alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg b. wt./day). Group IV (SPir) received spirulina platensis (1500 mg/kg. b. wt./day). Group V (ASP+ LA) received aspartame (250 mg /kg b. wt.) and alphalipoic acid (100 mg/kg b. wt.). Group VI (ASP+ Spir) received aspartame (250 mg/kg b.wt.) and spirulina platensis (1500 mg/kg b. wt.). Group VII (ASP+ALP+Spir) received aspartame (250 mg/kg b.wt.), alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg b. wt.) and Spirulina platensis (1500 mg/kg b. wt.) for 8 weeks. At the end of experiment, brain tissues were collected and analyzed for Lmalondialdehyde(L-MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), gene expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)and caspase 3, and DNA damage. The results showed a significant up-regulation of TNF-α and caspase 3 gene expression level, marked increase in L-MDA and DNA damage, and a marked decrease in SOD activity and GSH concentration in ASP groupwhen compared with control group. Co-administration of spirulina and alpha-lipoic acid protected aspartame induced brain damage and caused a significant improvement of all previous parameters and attenuated DNA changes. Conclusively, Spirulina platensis and alpha-lipoic acid exerted a protective effect against DNA damage and oxidative stress in the brain of aspartame usage through free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as well as regenerating endogenous antioxidants defense system mechanisms.