The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) Syndrome is a rare anomaly characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and vagina in women showing normal development of secondary sexual characters and normal 44 XX karyotype. We report our experience in the management of two patients with congenital absence of the vagina due to the MRKH syndrome. The first case was a 24-year-old student, who presented with primary amenorrhea, uterovaginal agenesis, right pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, and left renal agenesis. The second patient was a 24-year-old housewife, who presented with primary amenorrhea and inability to achieve penetrative sexual intercourse. She had vaginal atresia and a grossly hypoplastic uterus. Both had successful sigmoid colovaginoplasty and are sexually active. Vaginal reconstruction using the sigmoid colon saw an immediate and satisfactory outcome in both patients

Abstract. In Malaysia, the car safety level has been elevated through regulations and a consumer-based approach, i.e. the New Car Assessment Program in Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP). Nevertheless, the availability of information on consumers' car purchasing decisions towards safety is still limited in Malaysia. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating consumers' purchasing decisions of their present cars and investigating their awareness of ASEAN NCAP. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among consumers visiting different car showrooms and dealer shops. The findings suggest that safety was considered as one of the top three factors by the respondents when purchasing their present cars. Awareness of ASEAN NCAP has increased as compared to a previous study. This information is essential for policy makers, manufacturers and other stakeholders to assist in setting priorities with regard to the promotion of car safety in the country.

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract such as renal agenesis and ectopic ureter have complex development. These anomalies have variable presentations and associations. In this report, we highlight the case of a young man with congenital renal agenesis presenting for a urinary tract infection. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography imaging revealed the rare association of renal agenesis with contralateral ectopic ureter and subsequent hydroureteronephrosis. A urinary tract infection can be the presenting complication of such association, and a long follow-up is needed to anticipate the management.

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The historic district is a carrier to show the urban landscape, and the analysis of the spatial form of the historic district from human behavioral activities is beneficial to grasp the social and functional attributes of the space. Combining with the spatial layout of the Sishengci historic district, the overall spatial structure of the Sishengci historic district is analyzed in terms of integration, connectivity, control, depth, and intelligibility by using the analysis of the axial lines in space syntax through the relationship diagram and quantitative description of the syntax. Based on the findings, targeted conservation strategies are proposed, namely the conservation of the core area of the district, the shaping of the local spirit, and the reconstruction of the social space, which have a guiding significance for the conservation and renewal of the Sishengci historic district.

Back lanes are ubiquitously found in every city as they are a required component according to the by-laws. The intention of back lane is to serve as a service road and consequently society tends to neglect and had led to a forgotten public space due to its lack of maintenance. Thus, this has discouraged the pedestrian movement as it is unsafe because the laneway is mainly hidden from public eye. Therefore, it became a space for undesirable activities to be taken place especially for hoodlums. In line with the Kuala Lumpur Tourism Master Plan 2015-2025, that gives emphasise to revitalise forgotten spaces, this research looks into the issues of back lanes in Petaling Street with the aims to unlock its potentials. The study adopted a qualitative approach through 2 phases. The first phase is through literature review to study and understand its historical background follows by site observation through photographs and recording of the site existing conditions. The second phase is through interviews with urban planning experts and business owners to discuss the historical value, issues and parameters to revitalize the back lane. The outcome of the research divulges that revitalization of back lane and shifting the front façade to the back lane or adapting to a double façade are able to greet the public with new urban social spaces and that tenants are able to utilize and give it a new meaning.

Purpose Tourism development has been perceived as a promoter of city restoration and can also affect the post-war city reconstruction. Questions on how to reconstruct ruined buildings and urban areas through a post-war tourism-oriented approach based on the expectations of residents and tourists profound answers. The purpose of this paper is to adopt the sequential mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) with purposive sampling which is a non-probability method to investigate tourism-oriented approaches in the reconstruction of buildings and landmarks as the core components of urban tourism. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the sequential mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) to investigate tourism-oriented approaches in the reconstruction of buildings and landmarks as the core components of urban tourism. Findings The findings of the study point that the preferred strategy for the reconstruction of damaged symbolic building is the preservation of the war effects in regard maintaining the buildings’ history to be considered by urban policy makers, urban designers, and authorities. Research limitations/implications The constraint was associated with the time-consuming nature of this type of research. Original documents of the research context and all the interview data were in the Persian language, making the translating process a time-consuming matter. Furthermore, data collection in the area located near the Iran-Iraq border (500 meters) presented a number of security caveats as limitations. Originality/value The research found a majority of tourists and the residents preferred tourism zone where the combination of post-war and natural attraction across riverside area. In other word, most considerable post-war attractions are those that combined with the appeal of the other tourism potentials like eco-leisure tourism. The preferred strategy for the reconstruction of damaged building reconstruction as post-war tourism attractions is the preservation of the war effects in regard maintaining the buildings history rather than reconstruction as the most likely to pre-war conditions with less attention paid to the war effects.