Abstract-Hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys) has been recognized as a new risk factor for cardiovascular diseases independent of plasma lipid levels or other factors. However, it remains unknown whether hHcys is implicated in the target organ damages associated with hypertension. The present study first examined the possible role of hHcys in the development of glomerulosclerosis in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) hypertensive rats. High-performance liquid chromatography showed that plasma total homocysteine (tHcys) concentration was 7.64Ϯ0.29 mol/L in conscious DS rats on a low salt (0.4% NaCl) diet, which was higher than 5.23Ϯ0.25 mol/L in Dahl salt-resistant normotensive rats. When these rats were exposed to a high salt (4% NaCl) diet, plasma tHcys markedly increased in DS rats (14.7Ϯ1.31 mol/L) but not in Dahl salt-resistant rats (5.34Ϯ0.54 mol/L). An iron chelater, desferrioxamine (0.3 mg/kg IV per day), completely normalized high salt-induced elevations of plasma tHcys and significantly attenuated the sclerotic changes in the glomeruli in DS rats. To further determine whether hHcys has an independent effect in the development of glomerulosclerosis, Sprague-Dawley rats were fed drinking water containing methionine (1 g/kg per day) for 6 weeks to produce hHcys. In these rats, plasma tHcys increased to 12.5Ϯ1.9 mol/L (versus 6.1Ϯ2.6 mol/L in control rats), and the aorta exhibited typical sclerotic changes, but arterial pressure was not altered. Urinary protein excretion increased to 52Ϯ2 mg/24 hours (versus 17Ϯ2 mg/24 hours in control rats), and the glomerular mesangium was expanded with glomerular hypercellularity, capillary collapse, and fibrous deposition in the rats with hHcys. These results suggest that elevated plasma homocysteine may be an important pathogenic factor for glomerular damage in hypertension independent of arterial pressure.
Introduction: The question of whether periodontal therapy is an effective strategy for achieving glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis continues to be open to debate. To clarify this issue, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was carried out by searching four electronic databases and four journals up to April 2020. RCTs that evaluated the effect of periodontal therapy on glycemic control in people with T2DM were included.
Objective This study aimed to assess the positional relationships between the maxillary sinus and the first and second molars in a western Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography. Methods This study included 212 patients (652 maxillary molars and 1956 roots). Patient demographics (sex and age) and cone-beam computed tomography data regarding the relationship between molar roots and the maxillary sinus were obtained. This relationship was stratified into four types for statistical analysis. Results Sex and side did not significantly influence the distance between maxillary molar roots and the maxillary sinus. However, the distance between maxillary molar roots and the maxillary sinus increased with age. The mesiobuccal root of the second molar was nearest to the maxillary sinus. The most common relationship type involved absence of root contact with the sinus border and presence of a maxillary sinus cross-section above the root apex. Conclusions Compared with other teeth, the maxillary posterior teeth have a complex anatomical structure and are closely related to the sinus. These findings may serve as reference information for root canal treatment, tooth extraction, dental implant, and other dental clinical procedures among patients in western China.
ObjectiveAutonomic dysfunction is recognized in patients with coronary artery disease
(CAD) and is related to worse cardiovascular outcome. This study aimed to
evaluate cardiac autonomic nervous function by heart rate recovery (HRR) and
heart rate variability (HRV), and demonstrate their relationship with the
severity of coronary lesions in patients with stable CAD (SCAD).MethodsConsecutive patients without CAD (controls, n = 65) and those with SCAD
(n = 63) were included in this study. Patients with SCAD were further
divided into single- or two-/three-vessel disease, as well as <70% or
≥70% stenosis subgroups. The association between HRR/HRV and coronary
lesions was analysed.ResultsHRR and HRV values were significantly lower in the SCAD group compared with
the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that
abnormal HRR and HRV were risk factors of SCAD. Moreover, delayed HRR was a
risk factor of the severity of coronary lesions.ConclusionsOur results show that autonomic function is impaired in patients with SCAD
and delayed HRR is closely related to the severity of coronary lesions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.