Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of online cross-recommendation of products from e-retailers on consumers’ instant cross-buying intention, and compare the effect between the contexts that the decision making on focal product is difficult and easy. Design/methodology/approach Based on the information adoption model, this paper develops a theoretical model to investigate how online cross-recommendation of products from e-retailers influence consumers’ instant cross-buying intention. Empirical data were collected from 224 online shoppers. The Partial Least Squares technique was used to test the proposed research model. Findings Choice confidence on focal product and perceived usefulness of cross-buying is the antecedents of instant cross-buying intention. Brand awareness of recommended product, one-stop shopping convenience, and perceived price advantage are the antecedents of perceived usefulness of cross-buying and choice confidence on focal product when the decision making on focal product is difficult, whereas brand awareness is not when it is easy to make focal product decision. Choice confidence on focal product positively affects perceived usefulness of cross-buying when it is easy to make focal product decision, whereas the effect is not significant when the decision making on focal product is difficult. Originality/value Knowledge about the effect of online cross-recommendation of products on instant cross-buying intention is scarce. This study reveals the psychological mechanism of the effect of online cross-recommendation of products on consumers’ instant cross-buying intention and finds that decision-making difficulty on focal product is an important moderator.
According to the morphology of the single-nuclear cell, the eccentric-sphere (ES) model is proposed. The analytic expressions of amplitude function and phase function are revised base on the geometrical-optics approximation (GOA).The intensity distributing and phase distributing of the single-nuclear cell are also simulated by numerical calculation. The incident light orientation and the size of the nuclear on the impact of the backscattering have been discussed. After the analysis, we find that the model and the theory are much closer to the experimental fact compared with the single sphere model. These promote perfecting of the revised theory for inspection of real cell and provide a theory foundation for improving the measuring technique and identification technique of cells.
In this work the total energy calculations on the atomic geometry and chemisorption properties of Co(0001)/H surface are performed by using the density-functional theory in the approach of the projector-augmented wave (PAW) method. For a clean Co(0001) surface the atomic relaxations of the top three Co(0001) layers are obtained. The adsorptions of atomic Hydrogen have been investigated in the surface periodicities of p(1×1), p(1×2), p(2×2), and ( )R30º combined with hcp hollow and fcc hollow sites. For the cases studied in this work, the atomic hydrogen occupies fcc hollow site preferably drawn from the total energies. In these surface structures the perpendicular distances between the adsorbate and the first layer of substrate (DH-Co) range from 0.93 Å to 0.99 Å. The calculations on the surface vibrational modes proved the frequencies of atomic hydrogen along substrate surface displayed strong dependence on the adsorption geometries.
Measuring shape of bubbles is very important in many industrial processes, because that its behavior in the fluid is closely related to its morphology. Phase microscopy imaging (PMI) method is one of the best useful methods in this field. In the paper, considering on PMI idea, it is put out a new method which improves an ordinary light microscope into a dual function that can do both PMI and its ordinary microscopy function. Its optical structure is designed by using Mach-Zehnder interferometer method which can be added on the platform of ordinary microscope. A glass hole (bubble) is used as a sample to do phase microscopy imaging via the improved device. The results of the experiment and theory show that the phase distribution of bubble is closely related to the shape of it, which is very useful to detect the bubble’s behavior in the flow field. Besides bubbles, the improved microscope can be also used to observe the phase body such as cells.
For studying the effect between short laser pulse and red blood cell (RBC) in a more accurate and powerful way, the light beam characters of a focused femtosecond pulse are studied with a simulation method, and then, a mixed wave-propagating model (MWP) is put forward after analyzing these characters, in which, light beam is thought as propagating in a Gaussian focused shape. In addition, a mathematical processing and linear absorption model in the focused irradiated region of RBC is built based on analyzing its physical mechanism. Finally, the temperature distribution within the RBC is gotten by data simulating calculation, which shows that the temperature variety caused by linear absorption in the focal region is rather small.
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