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can be observed that the radiation patterns are not uniform totally in azimuth plane. This may be due to two factors. One is the current distribution is not totally uniform around the central axis, because the feeding point departs from the central point. The other is that the ground plane is a little smaller in this design. Figure 9 shows the simulated and measured elevation radiation pattern (x-z plane) at 2.11 and 2.29 GHz. As revealed in elevation pattern, approximations to a conical beam patterns are achieved and the peak gain occurs at elevations of about 40 . The value of the null at 270 shows a great level in comparison with the simulated result, which is mainly caused by the parasitic effect of SMA connector and transmission line loaded at the back of this antenna. From Figures 8 and 9, it is seen that the antenna has similar radiation pattern for the two status of the PIN diode. The measured gains of 4.2 and 3.5 dBi are achieved at 2.11 and 2.29 GHz, respectively. The gain at 2.29 GHz is a little smaller than that at 2.11 GHz due to the insertion loss of the PIN diode [9].ABSTRACT: In this article, a novel microstrip lowpass filter with complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) is presented. By properly controlling the width of the transmission line and rotating the angle of CSRRs, a wide stopband with sufficient rejection level can be achieved. The full-wave electromagnetic simulator IE3D is used; moreover, the prototypical microstrip lowpass filter is fabricated and measured. Simulated results and experimental responses are compared; moreover, the match between simulation and measurement validates the proposed structure.

A compact and simple structure antenna with triple‐band and dual‐polarized for wireless local‐area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), and UWB applications is presented. This antenna consists of a microstrip feed line, a square annular slot and two embedded inverted L‐shaped slots. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 40 × 40 × 1.5 mm3. Based on the −10‐dB return loss, the operating bands can be used in 2.4 GHz with circular polarization for WLAN, 3.8 GHz for WiMAX, and 6.2–8.3 GHz (28% at the operating frequency of 7.1 GHz) for UWB with linear polarization. Both experimental and simulated results show that the antenna is a good candidate for WLAN, WiMAX, and UWB applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:778–783, 2014

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